Banks/Dean Genealogy

John de Lacy¹

M, #2071, b. circa 1192, d. 22 July 1240

Father*

Roger de Lacy of Pontefract² b. c 1171, d. 1212

Mother*

Maud de Clare² b. c 1175, d. Jan 1225

Birth*

circa 1192

^1,2,3

Marriage*

before 21 June 1221

1st=Margaret de Quincy^1,2,3,4

Death*

22 July 1240

Stanlaw, Cheshire, England, after a long illness^1,3,2,5

Burial*

Stanlaw Abbey, Cheshire, England, but later removed to Whalley^2,5

Title

Earl of Lincoln⁶

Event-Misc*

July 1213

He received his inheritance and was described as constable of Chester⁵

Event-Misc

1213/14

He campaigned with King John in Poitou⁵

(Barons) Magna Carta

12 June 1215

Runningmede, Surrey, England, King=John Lackland^{7,8,9,10,11,12}

Event-Misc

1216

King John destroyed his castle of Donington⁵

Event-Misc

1217

He was pardoned by King Henry III for his opposition to King John⁵

Event-Misc

November 1217

He was commissioned to conduct the King of Scots to Henry III⁵

Event-Misc

1218

The Battle of Damietta, Egypt, He accompanied the Earl of Chester on crusade and fought⁵

Occupation*

1226

a judge⁵

Event-Misc

1227

He went on a diplomatic mission to Antwerp⁵

Event-Misc

1229

He conducted the King of Scots to York to meet King Henry III⁵

Event-Misc*

1232

John de Lacy was the King's commissioner against Hubert de Burgh, who lost his post as Judiciar in July, Principal=Hubert de Burgh⁵

Event-Misc

22 November 1232

At the insistance of his mother-in-law, King Henry III granted him the third penny of the county as Earl of Lincoln⁵

Event-Misc

1233

He joined against Piers des Roches, Bishop of Winchester, but changed sides on a bribe of 1000 marks⁵

Event-Misc

9 December 1233

He was given custody of the castle of Oswestry, but was subject to the King's wrath when he let Hubert de Burgh escape., Principal=Hubert de Burgh⁵

Event-Misc

1236

Because of a dispute between the Earls of Chester and Warenne about who was to carry a sword, he carried it at the coronation of the Queen⁵

Event-Misc

1237

"There was a great commotion among the barons when he abtained the marriage of his daughter Maud and Richard, Earl of Gloucester"¹³

Occupation

from 1237 to 1240

Sheriff of Chester¹³

HTML*

Magna Charta Surety Page

Title*

constable of Chester³

Family

Margaret de Quincy b. 1208, d. b 30 Mar 1266

Children

Idonea Lacie²
Maud de Lacy+^1,3,14,15 b. 4 Aug 1222, d. b 10 Mar 1288/89
Sir Edmund de Lacy¹⁶ b. 1230, d. 2 Jun 1258

Last Edited

8 Jun 2005

Citations

[S183] Jr. Meredith B. Colket, Marbury Ancestry, p. 38.
[S218] Marlyn Lewis, Ancestry of Elizabeth of York.
[S168] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 54-29.
[S233] Frederick Lewis Weis, Magna Charta Sureties, 107-3.
[S347] Carl Boyer 3rd, Medieval English Ancestors of Certain Americans, p. 121.
[S301] Carl Boyer 3rd, Medieval English Ancestors of Robert Abell, p. 59.
[S284] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry, Longespée 3.
[S284] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry, Warenne 3.
[S338] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 8th ed., 56-27.
[S338] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 8th ed., 60-28.
[S347] Carl Boyer 3rd, Medieval English Ancestors of Certain Americans, p. 8.
[S347] Carl Boyer 3rd, Medieval English Ancestors of Certain Americans, p. 34.
[S347] Carl Boyer 3rd, Medieval English Ancestors of Certain Americans, p. 122.
[S233] Frederick Lewis Weis, Magna Charta Sureties, 107-4.
[S234] David Faris, Plantagenet Ancestry, Clare 11.
[S285] Leo van de Pas, 30 Jun 2004.

Margaret de Quincy¹

F, #2072, b. 1208, d. before 30 March 1266

Father*

Sir Robert de Quincey^2,3,4,5,6

Mother*

Hawise of Chester (?)^3,5 b. 1180, d. bt 6 Jun 1241 - 3 Mar 1243

Margaret de Quincy|b. 1208\nd. b 30 Mar 1266|p70.htm#i2072|Sir Robert de Quincey||p70.htm#i2073|Hawise of Chester (?)|b. 1180\nd. bt 6 Jun 1241 - 3 Mar 1243|p228.htm#i6832|Saher I. de Quincy|b. c 1155\nd. 3 Nov 1219|p69.htm#i2046|Margaret de Beaumont|b. c 1155\nd. 12 Jan 1234/35|p69.htm#i2047|Hugh of Kevelioc|b. 1147\nd. 30 Jun 1181|p59.htm#i1758|Bertrade de Montfort|b. 1155\nd. 1227|p97.htm#i2903|

Birth*

1208

Lincolnshire, England³

Marriage*

before 21 June 1221

2nd=John de Lacy^2,3,1,5

Marriage*

before 20 April 1242

Groom=Sir Walter Marshal⁷

Marriage*

before 7 June 1252

Groom=Richard de Wiltshire⁷

Death*

before 30 March 1266

Clerkenwell, Middlesex, England^2,3,5

Burial*

Church of the Hospitallers, Clerkenwell, Middlesex, England⁷

Name Variation

Margaret de Quincey²

Family

John de Lacy b. c 1192, d. 22 Jul 1240

Children

Idonea Lacie³
Maud de Lacy+^2,3,1,8 b. 4 Aug 1222, d. b 10 Mar 1288/89
Sir Edmund de Lacy⁶ b. 1230, d. 2 Jun 1258

Last Edited

8 Jun 2005

Citations

[S168] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 54-29.
[S183] Jr. Meredith B. Colket, Marbury Ancestry, p. 38.
[S218] Marlyn Lewis, Ancestry of Elizabeth of York.
[S168] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 54-28.
[S233] Frederick Lewis Weis, Magna Charta Sureties, 107-3.
[S285] Leo van de Pas, 30 Jun 2004.
[S347] Carl Boyer 3rd, Medieval English Ancestors of Certain Americans, p. 121.
[S233] Frederick Lewis Weis, Magna Charta Sureties, 107-4.

Sir Robert de Quincey¹

M, #2073

Father*

Saher IV de Quincy^2,3,4 b. c 1155, d. 3 Nov 1219

Mother*

Margaret de Beaumont^2,3 b. c 1155, d. 12 Jan 1234/35

Sir Robert de Quincey||p70.htm#i2073|Saher IV de Quincy|b. c 1155\nd. 3 Nov 1219|p69.htm#i2046|Margaret de Beaumont|b. c 1155\nd. 12 Jan 1234/35|p69.htm#i2047|Robert de Quincey|d. c 1198|p92.htm#i2746|Orabella of Leuchars|d. b 30 Jun 1203|p92.htm#i2747|Sir Robert de Beaumont|b. b 1135\nd. 31 Aug 1190|p365.htm#i10927|Petronilla de Grandmesnil|b. 1149\nd. 1 Apr 1212|p92.htm#i2749|

Marriage*

2nd=Hawise of Chester (?)^2,3,5,6

Marriage

between 6 June 1237 and 5 December 1237

2nd=Helen ferch Llywelyn ab Iorwerth^2,7

Burial*

Church of the Hospitallers, Clerkenwell, Middlesex, England⁸

Note*

Boyer says his mother is not known to be Margaret⁹

Name Variation

Sir Robert de Quincy^2,7

Arms

De goules ung quintefueile de hermyne (Glover). Gu. a cinquefoil pierce arg.⁴

Occupation*

a crusader⁵

Event-Misc

4 September 1264

Inquest was held whether reversion to his heirs should occur re property he granted to Roger de Quency, Earl of Winchester, and his heirs male corp., Stiventon Manor, with reversion to himself and heirs.⁴

Family 1

Hawise of Chester (?) b. 1180, d. bt 6 Jun 1241 - 3 Mar 1243

Child

Margaret de Quincy+^1,2,3,10,6 b. 1208, d. b 30 Mar 1266

Family 2

Helen ferch Llywelyn ab Iorwerth d. 25 Nov 1253

Children

Joan de Quincy¹¹ b. c 1245, d. 25 Nov 1283
Hawise de Quincy+² b. c 1250, d. b 27 Mar 1285

Last Edited

3 Aug 2005

Citations

[S183] Jr. Meredith B. Colket, Marbury Ancestry, p. 38.
[S218] Marlyn Lewis, Ancestry of Elizabeth of York.
[S168] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 54-28.
[S325] Rev. C. Moor, Knights of Edward I, v. 4, p. 107.
[S233] Frederick Lewis Weis, Magna Charta Sureties, 107-2.
[S285] Leo van de Pas, 30 Jun 2004.
[S284] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry, Wales 5.
[S347] Carl Boyer 3rd, Medieval English Ancestors of Certain Americans, p. 121.
[S347] Carl Boyer 3rd, Medieval English Ancestors of Certain Americans, p. 211.
[S233] Frederick Lewis Weis, Magna Charta Sureties, 107-3.
[S284] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry, Bohun 6.

Joan of Acre¹

F, #2074, b. Spring 1272, d. 23 April 1307

Father*

Edward I "Longshanks" Plantagenet King of England^1,2,3,4,5 b. 17 or 18 Jun 1239, d. 7 Jul 1307

Mother*

Eleanor of Castile^6,2,4,5 b. 1240, d. 28 Nov 1290

Charts

Ann Marbury Pedigree

Birth*

Spring 1272

Acre, Palestine^1,2,7

Marriage*

circa 30 April 1290

Westminster Abbey, Westminster, Middlesex, England, 2nd=Sir Gilbert de Clare "the Red"^1,8,2,3,9,10

Marriage*

January 1297

clandestinely, Groom=Sir Ralph de Monthermer^2,11,9,10

Death*

23 April 1307

Clare, Suffolk, England^1,8,2,12,9

Burial*

Augustina Priory, Clare, Suffolk, England²

DNB*

Joan [Joan of Acre], countess of Hertford and Gloucester (1272-1307), princess, the second surviving daughter of Edward I (1239-1307) and Eleanor of Castile (1241-1290), was born at Acre early in 1272 during her father's crusade. The future Edward II was her brother, and Mary (1278-c.1332) was her sister. She was brought up in Ponthieu by her grandmother Jeanne de Dammartin, widow of Ferdinand III of Castile, until 1278 when Stephen of Penecester and his wife were sent by Edward I to bring her to England.

Edward I had begun negotiations the year before with Rudolf of Habsburg, king of the Romans, for Joan's marriage to his eldest son, Hartman; Rudolf promised to try to secure Hartman's election as king of the Romans and of Arles. Although plans were made for the celebration of the marriage in 1278, it was in fact put off, and Hartman was drowned in an accident on the ice in 1282. The agreement for Joan's marriage to Gilbert de Clare, earl of Hertford and Gloucester, was made in 1283. Gilbert and his first wife, Alice de la Marche, had had only two daughters; this marriage was dissolved in 1285, and a papal dispensation for the marriage to Joan was obtained four years later. Gilbert surrendered all his lands to the king, and they were settled jointly on Gilbert and Joan for their lives, and were then to pass to their children; if however the marriage was childless, the lands were to pass to Joan's children by any later marriage. The wedding took place at Westminster on 30 April 1290. Shortly afterwards both Gilbert and Joan took the cross, but neither went on crusade. They had one son, Gilbert de Clare, who was born in May 1291, to the great joy of both parents, and three daughters, among them Elizabeth de Clare and Margaret de Clare. In 1294 Gilbert and Joan and their children were driven out of the Clare lordship of Glamorgan by the Welsh rebellion, and Gilbert died on 7 December 1295.

Because of the joint enfeoffment of Gilbert and Joan, the widowed countess remained in charge of the estates, performing homage to her father on 20 January 1296. The estates included lands in Ireland and Wales as well as the honours of Clare and Gloucester and other manors in England, and produced a yearly income of about £6000 in the early fourteenth century. Edward I planned for Joan to marry Amadeus V of Savoy, and the betrothal document was dated 16 March 1297. However by then Joan had secretly married a squire of Earl Gilbert's household, Ralph de Monthermer, whom she had persuaded her father to knight. She is reputed to have said, ‘It is not ignominious or shameful for a great and powerful earl to marry a poor and weak woman; in the reverse case it is neither reprehensible or difficult for a countess to promote a vigorous young man’ (Trokelowe and Blaneforde, 27). Monthermer was imprisoned for a short time in Bristol Castle, but performed homage on 2 August 1297, and the Clare estates were restored to him and Joan (although Tonbridge and Portland were not restored until 1301). Monthermer enjoyed the title of earl of Hertford and Gloucester during his wife's lifetime. He and Joan had two sons and a daughter. Joan died at Clare, Suffolk, on 23 April 1307, and was buried in the church of the Augustinian friars there; she had made benefactions to the priory and built the Chapel of St Vincent.

Jennifer C. Ward
Sources

Rymer, Foedera, vol. 1 · Ann. mon. · A. Gransden, ed. and trans., The chronicle of Bury St Edmunds, 1212–1301 [1964] · Bartholomaei de Cotton … Historia Anglicana, ed. H. R. Luard, Rolls Series, 16 (1859) · The chronicle of Walter of Guisborough, ed. H. Rothwell, CS, 3rd ser., 89 (1957) · H. R. Luard, ed., Flores historiarum, 3 vols., Rolls Series, 95 (1890) · [W. Rishanger], The chronicle of William de Rishanger, of the barons' wars, ed. J. O. Halliwell, CS, 15 (1840) · Chronica Johannis de Oxenedes, ed. H. Ellis, Rolls Series, 13 (1859) · Johannis de Trokelowe et Henrici de Blaneforde … chronica et annales, ed. H. T. Riley, pt 3 of Chronica monasterii S. Albani, Rolls Series, 28 (1866) · M. Altschul, A baronial family in medieval England: the Clares, 1217–1314 (1965) · M. A. E. Green, Lives of the princesses of England, 2 (1849) · J. C. Parsons, ed., The court and household of Eleanor of Castile in 1290, Pontifical Institute of Medieval Studies: Texts and Studies, 37 (1977)
Archives

BL · PRO

© Oxford University Press 2004–5
All rights reserved: see legal notice Oxford University Press

Jennifer C. Ward, ‘Joan , countess of Hertford and Gloucester (1272-1307)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/14821, accessed 23 Sept 2005]

Joan (1272-1307): doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/14821¹³

Name Variation

Plantagenet⁸

Family 1

Sir Gilbert de Clare "the Red" b. 2 Sep 1243, d. 7 Dec 1295

Children

Sir Gilbert de Clare¹⁴ b. 11 May 1291, d. 24 Jun 1314
Margaret de Clare+^15,2 b. c 1292, d. 9 Apr 1342
Eleanor de Clare+^2,3,9 b. Oct 1292, d. 30 Jun 1337
Elizabeth de Clare+^2,16 b. 16 Sep 1295, d. 4 Nov 1360

Family 2

Sir Ralph de Monthermer b. 1262, d. 5 Apr 1325

Children

Sir Edward de Monthermer¹⁰ d. b 3 Feb 1339/40
Mary de Monthermer¹⁰ b. c 1298
Sir Thomas de Monthermer¹⁷ b. 4 Oct 1301, d. 24 Jun 1340

Last Edited

23 Sep 2005

Citations

[S183] Jr. Meredith B. Colket, Marbury Ancestry, p. 38.
[S218] Marlyn Lewis, Ancestry of Elizabeth of York.
[S233] Frederick Lewis Weis, Magna Charta Sureties, 34-4.
[S234] David Faris, Plantagenet Ancestry, Plantagenet 14.
[S284] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry, Plantagenet 5.
[S168] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 8-28.
[S284] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry, Lancaster 5.
[S168] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 8-29.
[S234] David Faris, Plantagenet Ancestry, Clare 11.
[S284] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry, Montagu 6.
[S233] Frederick Lewis Weis, Magna Charta Sureties, 17B-15.
[S233] Frederick Lewis Weis, Magna Charta Sureties, 28-4.
[S376] Unknown editor, unknown short title.
[S325] Rev. C. Moor, Knights of Edward I, p. 207.
[S168] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 9-29.
[S233] Frederick Lewis Weis, Magna Charta Sureties, 13-6.
[S284] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry, Montagu 7.

Sir Roger Bigod¹

M, #2075, b. before 1140, d. before 2 August 1221

Father*

Hugh Bigod² b. c 1095, d. b 6 Mar 1176/77

Mother*

Juliana de Vere² b. c 1116

Birth*

before 1140

Birth

circa 1150

^1,2,4

Marriage*

before 1190

Principal=Ida de Tony^1,5

Death*

before 2 August 1221

^1,2,4

DNB*

Bigod, Roger (II), second earl of Norfolk (c.1143-1221), magnate, was the only son of Hugh (I) Bigod, earl of Norfolk (d. 1176/7), and his first wife, Juliana (d. 1199/1200), sister of Aubrey (III) de Vere, earl of Oxford. After repudiating his first wife, Hugh married Gundreda (d. 1206×8), daughter of Earl Roger of Warwick, and with her had two further sons, Hugh (d. c.1203) and William. Roger (II) Bigod married Ida, of unknown parentage, with whom he had four sons, Hugh (II) (d. 1225), William, Ralph, and Roger, and two daughters, Mary, who married Ralph fitz Robert, and Margery, who married William of Hastings.

The accession of Roger (II) Bigod to his father's estates provides a stunning example of how a medieval king could profit from family squabbles among his higher aristocracy. When Hugh Bigod repudiated his first wife in favour of Gundreda and then produced two more sons with his name, he brought upon his first son a dispute over the inheritance which would muddy the waters for over twenty years after his death. No sooner had Hugh been placed in the ground at Thetford Priory, than Gundreda, like the wicked stepmother of legend, asserted the claim of her first son by Hugh, confusingly also named Hugh, to certain of her late husband's estates which, she claimed, had been acquired during his lifetime and which he had bequeathed to Hugh as was his right. Never a man to miss an opportunity to keep his barons in check, Henry II took possession of large parts of Bigod land in Norfolk and refused to recognize Roger's claim to the earldom, which his father seems to have lost in 1174.

The roots of this antipathy towards the Bigod family go back to Hugh's participation in the revolt of 1173–4 against Henry II, which resulted in the destruction of Framlingham Castle, seemingly the Bigod caput, and the lasting enmity of the king. When Hugh died in 1176 or 1177 and Gundreda pushed her son's claims to part of the Bigod inheritance, Henry II felt no compunction in making Roger (who was by this time already of age) feel extremely uncomfortable by allowing the case to continue unresolved, refusing to allow him the earldom of Norfolk, and confiscating these disputed lands. It is a true testament to the fear that a powerful magnate like the earl of Norfolk could engender in a twelfth-century king that, despite the fact that Roger himself had remained faithful during the rebellion of 1173–4 and can be found in the king's service before 1176, Henry II still felt the need to take advantage of Roger's little local difficulty to hold him in check.

The saga of the claims of Gundreda and Hugh to a part of Roger's inheritance was to dog the earl until 1199. There was one light on the horizon, however. The accession of Richard I in 1189 brought Roger (II) back into royal favour. The new king bestowed upon Roger the long-awaited earldom of Norfolk for the relatively paltry sum of 1000 marks. From that moment on circumstances improved for the newly belted earl. He can be found with the king on a regular basis before Richard embarked on crusade, and he supported the interim government throughout the difficult years of the king's absence. It seems that Roger (II) also had a part to play in Richard's release from captivity and was in Germany when Richard's freedom was secured. At Richard's second coronation in 1194 Bigod was one of four earls given the privilege of carrying the silken canopy that covered the king. He was a baron of the exchequer between 1194 and 1196, and also served as a justice on eyre and coram rege during Richard's reign. And he had the hereditary stewardship of the royal household returned to him. Roger (II) also found time to serve in Richard's armies on the continent. The conclusion of more than twenty years' squabbling with his half-brother, Hugh, in 1199 for a settlement of an estate held of the earl, worth a scant £30, merely served to set the seal on a thoroughly successful reign for Bigod. It was at this point, also, that Bigod set about rebuilding Framlingham Castle, much improved from the structure destroyed in 1176, in stone and in the ‘new fashion’. The castle as it stands today is mostly from this date.

The story of a successful and loyal king's earl continued well into the next reign. Bigod was present at John's coronation on 27 May 1199, and was dispatched thence to the king of Scots, to bring him to John for the performance of homage. He seems to have executed his military duties to John in Normandy and was one of the earls who was in constant attendance upon the king. He went to Poitou in 1206 and can be found on the royal campaigns in Scotland (1209), Ireland (1210), and Wales (1211). Despite this record of service Earl Roger joined the rebel side in the civil war that marked the end of King John's reign. Financial pressure may have been a reason. The scutage due on some 160 knights' fees, which the earl came to hold by the end of his life, was liable to be heavy, so much so that in 1211 Bigod struck a bargain with the king to pay 2000 marks (£1333 6s. 8d.) for respite during his lifetime from demands for arrears, and for being allowed to pay scutage on only 60 fees in future. He was pardoned 360 marks of this debt, but paid the substantial sum of 1340 marks in 1211 and 1212. Nor was this the only way in which John showed himself less than favourable towards the earl. In 1207 one William the Falconer brought an action against Bigod at Westminster, but when the earl objected to the chosen jurors on the grounds of their likely bias, his arguments were ignored by the king, who ordered that the case proceed. Both Earl Roger (now probably over seventy) and his son, Hugh Bigod (d. 1225), were later named as being among the committee of twenty-five set up by Magna Carta to control the king, for which they were both declared excommunicate by Pope Innocent III (r. 1198–1216) in December of that year.

John's irritation at Bigod's defection and the subsequent events illustrate clearly how the king intended to bring his magnates to heel. After a lightning campaign in the north, during which he effectively reduced his opponents there to submission, John returned to East Anglia, also a centre of resistance. Judging from John's actions in March 1216, Earl Roger was the linchpin in this resistance to the king. Framlingham Castle was quickly invested, and equally quickly taken. The king then sent letters of safe conduct to Bigod in an attempt to bring him into line. Meanwhile John systematically stripped the earl of his followers in the area by pardoning those captured and returning to them seisin of their properties, while declaring those who refused to submit disseised of their lands. But, despite these tactics, Roger and Hugh Bigod remained in rebellion, and indeed did not return to the loyalist fold until after the peace of Kingston (though before the peace of Lambeth) in September 1217. By April 1218 Bigod had received back all his lands and titles and withdrawn into semi-retirement, rarely appearing in the royal records before his death some time before 2 August 1221. He was succeeded as earl by his son Hugh (II) Bigod, who was of age at the time of his father's death, and who in 1206 or 1207 married Matilda, daughter of William (I) Marshal (d. 1219). Their children included Roger (III) Bigod, earl of Norfolk, and Hugh (III) Bigod, the baronial justiciar.

Earl Roger (II) Bigod made a number of religious benefactions during his long life. He continued the family tradition of patronizing Earls Colne Priory, Essex, and the abbeys of Wymondham, Norfolk, and Rochester, Kent. He made grants to monasteries at Bungay, Suffolk, Carrow, Norfolk, Hickling, Norfolk, Leiston, Suffolk, and Sibton, Suffolk, as well as to the two cells of Rochester at Felixstowe, Suffolk, and at Harwich, Essex. All these grants mark him as a conventionally pious man of his age. Roger (II)'s period as earl of Norfolk was clearly a success, notwithstanding his being on the wrong side in the civil war against King John. His father, Hugh (I), had ended his life in disgrace and bequeathed a legacy to Earl Roger of Henry II's enmity and an inheritance dispute. By the time that Earl Roger himself died, the Bigod lands were secured and indeed probably expanded. Framlingham Castle was rebuilt, and, despite falling to the king's forces in March 1216, it did not suffer the same fate as its predecessor but remained the family caput until the eventual demise of the family in 1306. Moreover, Earl Roger left his son an undisputed inheritance.

S. D. Church
Sources

S. A. J. Atkin, ‘The Bigod family: an investigation into their lands and activities, 1066–1306’, PhD diss., U. Reading, 1979 · R. A. Brown, ‘Framlingham Castle and Bigod, 1154–1216’, Proceedings of the Suffolk Institute of Archaeology, 25 (1951), 127–48; repr. in R. A. Brown, Castles, conquest and charters: collected papers (1889), 187–208 · Pipe rolls, 13–14, 16 John; 2 Henry III · R. V. Turner, The king and his courts (1968), 108 · W. Stubbs, ed., Select charters and other illustrations of English constitutional history, 9th edn (1913), 164 [repr. with corrections, ed. H. W. C. Davis (1921)]
Wealth at death

£162 3s. 4d.—knights' fees in Norfolk and Suffolk: Atkin, ‘The Bigod family’, 178; Pipe rolls, 13–14, 16 John, 177
© Oxford University Press 2004–5
All rights reserved: see legal notice Oxford University Press

S. D. Church, ‘Bigod, Roger (II), second earl of Norfolk (c.1143-1221)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/2379, accessed 24 Sept 2005]

Roger (II) Bigod (c.1143-1221): doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/2379⁶

Event-Misc

January 1163/64

He attended the Council of Clarendon⁷

Event-Misc

October 1171

Pembroke, He was with the King⁷

Event-Misc

1172

Battle of Fornham, He opposed his father, bearing the Royal Standard^7,5

Event-Misc

1176

Roger Bigod and his stepmother Gundred (on behalf of her son) disputed his inheritance to King Henry II, who took the lands into his own hands, but allowed titular succession to Roger, Principal=Gundred de Warenne⁵

Event-Misc

1182

His father's fine was forgiven him and his father's lands restored to him⁷

Title*

1186

Royal Steward⁸

Title

27 Nov 1 Richard I

He was confirmed by the King as Earl of Norfolk and Steward of the Royal Household^9,10

Event-Misc

1189

He was ambassador from Richard I to Philip King of France to help arrange Richard's crusade^10,5

Event-Misc

between 1189 and 1193

He granted 3 marks of rent in Walton, Norfolk to Reading Abbey for the health of his sould and that of his wife, Ida⁵

Event-Misc

1191

He was granted Hereford Castle⁵

Event-Misc

1191

He supported the chancellor against Prince John while King Richard was away on crusade.⁷

Event-Misc

1193

He went to Germany to ransom Richard^7,5

Note*

17 April 1194

On King Richard's return after his captivity, the Earl assisted at the great council at Nottingham. He was one of the four earls carrying the silken canopy over Richard's head at his 2nd Coronation.^10,7

Title

between 1195 and 1196

Baron of the Exchequer⁸

(Witness) Crowned

27 May 1199

Westminster Abbey, Westminster, Middlesex, England, King of England, Principal=John Lackland^{11,12,13,14,7,15}

Event-Misc

November 1200

He was sent to Scotland to bring the Scottish King to Lincoln to do homage to John^7,5

Event-Misc

May 1212

Lambeth, He witnessed King John's charter to the Count of Boulogne after his homage⁷

Event-Misc

1213

He was imprisoned for unknown causes⁵

Event-Misc

1214

He was with the King in Poitou⁵

(Barons) Magna Carta

12 June 1215

Runningmede, Surrey, England, King=John Lackland^{16,17,18,19,20,21}

Excommunication*

16 December 1215

by the Pope^7,5

Event-Misc*

September 1217

His lands were returned to him following John's death^7,5

Family

Ida de Tony

Children

Sir Hugh Bigod+^1,2,4 d. bt 11 Feb 1225 - 18 Feb 1225
Margaret Bigod+^2,22,23
William Bigod¹⁰ d. c 1234
Thomas Bigod¹⁰
Alice Bigod^10,23
Mary Bigod¹⁰
Roger Bigod²³

Last Edited

24 Sep 2005

Citations

[S183] Jr. Meredith B. Colket, Marbury Ancestry, p. 38.
[S218] Marlyn Lewis, Ancestry of Elizabeth of York.
[S374] Douglas Richardson, Magna Carta Ancestry, Bigod 3.
[S233] Frederick Lewis Weis, Magna Charta Sureties, 3-1.
[S374] Douglas Richardson, Magna Carta Ancestry, Bigod 1.
[S376] Unknown editor, unknown short title.
[S347] Carl Boyer 3rd, Medieval English Ancestors of Certain Americans, p. 29.
[S233] Frederick Lewis Weis, Magna Charta Sureties, 155-2.
[S325] Rev. C. Moor, Knights of Edward I, p. 92.
[S342] Sir Bernard Burke, Extinct Peerages, p. 53.
[S168] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 1-26.
[S234] David Faris, Plantagenet Ancestry, Plantagenet 16.
[S284] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry, Warenne 2.
[S284] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry, Plantagenet 3.
[S347] Carl Boyer 3rd, Medieval English Ancestors of Certain Americans, p. 84.
[S284] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry, Longespée 3.
[S284] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry, Warenne 3.
[S338] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 8th ed., 56-27.
[S338] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 8th ed., 60-28.
[S347] Carl Boyer 3rd, Medieval English Ancestors of Certain Americans, p. 8.
[S347] Carl Boyer 3rd, Medieval English Ancestors of Certain Americans, p. 34.
[S233] Frederick Lewis Weis, Magna Charta Sureties, 7-2.
[S347] Carl Boyer 3rd, Medieval English Ancestors of Certain Americans, p. 30.

Ida de Tony¹

F, #2076

Father*

Ralph V de Tony¹ d. 1162

Ida de Tony||p70.htm#i2076|Ralph V de Tony|d. 1162|p209.htm#i6268||||Roger I. de Tony|b. c 1104\nd. a 29 Sep 1158|p209.htm#i6270|Ida of Hainault||p210.htm#i6271|||||||

Of*

Sussex, England²

Mistress*

Principal=Henry II Curtmantel¹

Marriage*

before 1190

Principal=Sir Roger Bigod^3,1

Family 1

Sir Roger Bigod b. b 1140, d. b 2 Aug 1221

Children

Sir Hugh Bigod+^3,2 d. bt 11 Feb 1225 - 18 Feb 1225
Margaret Bigod+²
William Bigod⁴ d. c 1234
Thomas Bigod⁴
Alice Bigod⁴
Mary Bigod⁴
Roger Bigod⁵

Family 2

Henry II Curtmantel b. 5 Mar 1132/33, d. 6 Jul 1189

Child

Sir William Longespée+⁶ b. 1176, d. 7 Mar 1225/26

Family 3

Ralph Bigod b. c 1184

Child

Mary Bigod+⁷ b. c 1205

Last Edited

10 Sep 2005

Citations

[S374] Douglas Richardson, Magna Carta Ancestry, Bigod 1.
[S218] Marlyn Lewis, Ancestry of Elizabeth of York.
[S183] Jr. Meredith B. Colket, Marbury Ancestry, p. 38.
[S342] Sir Bernard Burke, Extinct Peerages, p. 53.
[S347] Carl Boyer 3rd, Medieval English Ancestors of Certain Americans, p. 30.
[S285] Leo van de Pas, 30 Jun 2004.
[S233] Frederick Lewis Weis, Magna Charta Sureties, 164-2.

Sir Hamelin Plantagenet^1,2

M, #2077, b. circa 1130, d. 7 May 1202

Father*

Geoffrey V "the Fair" Plantagenet^1,3 b. 24 Nov 1113, d. 7 Sep 1151

Mother*

Anonyma (?)³

Sir Hamelin Plantagenet|b. c 1130\nd. 7 May 1202|p70.htm#i2077|Geoffrey V "the Fair" Plantagenet|b. 24 Nov 1113\nd. 7 Sep 1151|p55.htm#i1624|Anonyma (?)||p457.htm#i13698|Fulk V. of Anjou "the Young"|b. 1092\nd. 10 Nov 1143|p97.htm#i2898|Erembourg of Maine|d. 1126|p97.htm#i2899|||||||

Birth*

circa 1130

Normandy, France⁴

Marriage*

April 1164

2nd=Isabel de Warene^1,4,5

Death*

7 May 1202

Lewes, Sussex, England^1,4,5

Burial*

Lewes Priory Chapter House, Lewes, Sussex, England^4,5

DNB*

Warenne, Hamelin de, earl of Surrey [Earl Warenne] (d. 1202), magnate, was the natural son of Geoffrey, count of Anjou (d. 1151), and half-brother of Henry II, from whom he received the Warenne Anglo-Norman honours with the title earl of Surrey in April 1164 on his marriage to Isabel de Warenne, countess of Surrey (d. 1203), widow of William of Blois, Earl Warenne (d. 1159). Although Hamelin readily adopted the Warenne family name, he proudly acknowledged in his charters both his Angevin paternal heritage and his debt to his royal brother. Hamelin's first reported political act, a vociferous denunciation of Thomas Becket at the Council of Northampton in October 1164, was motivated by the archbishop's perceived injury to the royal family in blocking the marriage of William FitzEmpress to the Countess Isabel on grounds of consanguinity. William had died shortly thereafter while seeking the intervention of his mother, the Empress Matilda, in the matter. Many of his friends believed that the disappointment had helped to cause his death. Few at court could have missed the connection, psychological or otherwise, of Hamelin's good fortune in gaining his title and high-born wife with the equally great misfortune of the death of the king's (and Hamelin's) younger brother. It is within this context that Hamelin's early confrontational attitude towards Thomas Becket is best explained. Years later the earl became, as did Henry II himself, an active participant in the then sainted archbishop's cult, having been healed, miraculously it was thought, of a cataract in one eye by the covering which lay on Becket's tomb.

In England in 1166, and again in Normandy in 1172, Hamelin was one of a handful of élite Anglo-Norman courtiers who were not obligated to report their knights' fees and their royal or ducal knight service. Consequently the Warenne fiefs are missing from the great surveys of Henry II's reign: the Cartae baronum and the Infeudationes militum. None the less, other near-contemporary sources indicate something of the magnitude and importance of the Warenne honours. The Domesday evaluation of the family's lands in England amounted to some £1140, which placed them among the four or five wealthiest secular holdings below the king. By the second half of the twelfth century over 140 knights' fees had been subinfeudated by the Warennes, making Hamelin in 1173 the ninth greatest lord in England as reckoned by enfeoffments. What his ranking may have been in Normandy is difficult to say, except that his wife's ancestral lands, centred on the strategic castles of Mortemer and Bellencombre, would have made the earl a major force in Upper Normandy. Indeed castles are as good a measure as any other of power, prestige, and wealth. On the English side of the channel Hamelin inherited castles at Lewes, Castle Acre, Reigate, and Sandal. For his part he built (c.1180) the magnificent keep at Conisbrough, which was later to serve as an inspiration for Sir Walter Scott's Ivanhoe.

Hamelin was well connected politically outside the royal family. His brother-in-law, Reginald de Warenne, worked frequently as a baron of the English exchequer. Hugh de Cressy, a Warenne under-tenant and sometime seneschal, rose to become Henry II's constable for Rouen and constant companion. Like so many of his peers Hamelin enjoyed prestige and wealth without much interference from royal government. According to the English pipe rolls the earl was assessed a total of £276 over a period of thirty-eight years, against which he paid the sum of £74, mostly on scutages taken from his under-tenants. It would be wrong to conclude from this, however, that Hamelin lived the pampered life of a detached aristocrat. His wealth and connections did obligate him to an active participation in state affairs, an obligation he took seriously. Throughout his tenure as earl, Hamelin remained steadfastly loyal to his brother the king, to his nephew Richard I, and, when challenged, to Angevin royal interests.

Judging from the relatively low number of royal charters attested by Hamelin (ten), the earl apparently never entered the intimate, inner circle at Henry II's court, as did other family members like Reginald, earl of Cornwall. And yet, at critical moments in the reign, he is found at his brother's side. When Henry met Raymond de St Gilles, count of Toulouse, in February 1173 at Fontevrault to settle long-standing differences, Hamelin was there attesting charters as ‘vicomte of the Touraine’. That Henry chose the earl to act as vicomte in this sensitive border region between the houses of Anjou and Blois displays great trust. Perhaps Hamelin took up this office during the king's stay in Ireland (1171–2), when the hostility of the French court, particularly the Blois family, was directed against the Angevin monarchy for Henry's perceived complicity in the murder of Thomas Becket. If so, Hamelin acted as one of the chief protectors of his brother's dominions during the time of Henry's self-imposed Irish exile. Equally important, the political manoeuvrings of February 1173 saw the king negotiating a marriage for John to the daughter of the count of Maurienne and fending off the demand of Henry, the Young King, to be put in control of some part of his inheritance. Henry's announced intention of the conveyance of the Tourangeaux castles of Chinon and Loudun to the five-year-old John as a marriage portion precipitated the premature launching by Henry, the Young King, of the rebellion he had been planning against his father. Lost in subsequent events is the fact that Hamelin would have been the local overseer of John's properties had the original plan been carried out. Hamelin held fast with his brother against his nephews and their French and Scottish allies in the ensuing civil war and next appears in the chronicles in 1176 as a member of Joan's escort through central and southern France as his niece, the princess, journeyed to Sicily for her marriage with King William. In the 1180s Hamelin focused much of his energy on his estates in Yorkshire, building the wondrous castle and keep at Conisbrough. He undoubtedly spent more time in Yorkshire than any of the other Warenne earls and may have been attracted to the region as much by the opportunity to leave his own fresh mark in a family of prodigious builders as by the thriving northern economy. Years of experience at the Angevin court, coupled with private success in the management of the diverse Warenne properties, earned Hamelin a respect which would serve him well in the troubled years following Henry II's death in 1189.

Although Hamelin played no ceremonial role in Richard I's first coronation, as did other earls, he travelled widely with the new king, attesting thirteen charters, at Geddington (three), Bury St Edmunds (three), Canterbury (three), Rouen (three), and Montrichard (one), all before July 1190, when the main Angevin armies departed on crusade. With Richard gone Hamelin quickly attached himself to the king's chancellor, William de Longchamp, bishop of Ely. Their friendship was born of necessity: Longchamp was attempting to whittle down the power in the north of Hugh du Puiset, bishop of Durham, while fending off the intrigues of the king's brother, Count John; and Hamelin was equally disturbed by Hugh and John, holding true to the monarchy and his nephew, the king, as he had to his brother. Hamelin felt most comfortable adhering to the law (the legend on his seal reads ‘pro lege, per lege’) and, with Richard gone, William de Longchamp represented the law. When Geoffrey, archbishop of York (yet another nephew), was taken into custody at Dover in September 1191, when he attempted to enter England contrary to royal order, it was Earl Hamelin who was dispatched by the chancellor to bring the archbishop to London to face judgment by the ‘barons of the realm’. When the outrage over the archbishop's treatment, combined with a growing sense of Longchamp's unrestrained ambition, allowed Count John to galvanize baronial discontent for a showdown with the chancellor at Loddon Bridge near Windsor in October, Hamelin again was conspicuous in his support of Longchamp. And after the chancellor's exile, when news of Richard's captivity in Germany reached England, Hamelin acted as one of only two magnates (William d'Aubigny, earl of Arundel, being the other) who were entrusted with the collection and safe keeping of the king's ransom. After Richard's return in 1194 the earl took a place of honour at a second coronation, carrying one of the three swords of state with William, king of Scots, and Ranulf (III), earl of Chester. A northern orientation again is apparent in these pairings. At the Council of Nottingham that same year Hamelin sat with Richard as sentences were handed out to John's followers and other disturbers of the king's peace. With this, Hamelin's long involvement in national politics slowed to an end. Present at John's coronation in May 1199, the earl attested no royal charters from the reign, though he is reported by Roger of Howden to have witnessed an oath given by William, king of Scots in November 1200.

Absorbed by private matters, most notably a dispute with Cluny over the right to appoint the prior of Lewes, Earl Hamelin died on 7 May 1202 and was buried in the chapter house at St Pancras Priory, Lewes, Sussex. The Countess Isabel died shortly thereafter and was interred with her husband. The earl and countess were survived by four children: William (IV) de Warenne, who succeeded to the earldom; Isabel, who married first Robert de Lacy of Pontefract and second Gilbert de l'Aigle of Pevensey; Maud, who married first Henry, count of Eu, and second Henry de Stuteville, lord of Valmont in Normandy; and Ela, who married first Robert of Naburn and second William fitz William of Sprotborough. If many of the personal details of Earl Hamelin's life are unknown, something of his mind comes through in these words taken from a grant to Lewes: ‘grounds for forgetfulness and dispute are wont to be removed by the good effect of a written deed’ (Cartulary of the Priory of St Pancras of Lewes, 1932–3, 38.45). In his heart, then, the earl was both lawyer and historian.

Thomas K. Keefe
Sources

R. Howlett, ed., Chronicles of the reigns of Stephen, Henry II, and Richard I, 4, Rolls Series, 82 (1889) · J. C. Robertson and J. B. Sheppard, eds., Materials for the history of Thomas Becket, archbishop of Canterbury, 7 vols., Rolls Series, 67 (1875–85) · W. Stubbs, ed., Gesta regis Henrici secundi Benedicti abbatis: the chronicle of the reigns of Henry II and Richard I, AD 1169–1192, 2 vols., Rolls Series, 49 (1867) · Ralph de Diceto, ‘Ymagines historiarum’, Radulfi de Diceto … opera historica, ed. W. Stubbs, 2 vols., Rolls Series, 68 (1876) · Chronica magistri Rogeri de Hovedene, ed. W. Stubbs, 4 vols., Rolls Series, 51 (1868–71) · W. Stubbs, ed., Chronicles and memorials of the reign of Richard I, 2: Epistolae Cantuarienses, Rolls Series, 38 (1865) · Gir. Camb. opera · Chronicon Richardi Divisensis / The Chronicle of Richard of Devizes, ed. J. T. Appleby (1963) · C. T. Clay, ed., The honour of Warenne (1949), vol. 8 of Early Yorkshire charters, ed. W. Farrer and others (1914–65) · W. Farrer, Honors and knights' fees … from the eleventh to the fourteenth century, 3 (1925) · T. K. Keefe, Feudal assessments and the political community under King Henry II and his sons (1983) · H. M. Thomas, Vassals, heiresses, crusaders, and thugs: the gentry of Angevin Yorkshire, 1154–1216 (1993) · J. T. Appleby, England without Richard, 1189–1199 (1965)
© Oxford University Press 2004–5
All rights reserved: see legal notice Oxford University Press

Thomas K. Keefe, ‘Warenne, Hamelin de, earl of Surrey (d. 1202)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/28732, accessed 24 Sept 2005]

Hamelin de Warenne (d. 1202): doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/28732⁶

Name Variation

Hameline Plantagenet⁷

Event-Misc*

1164

He was present at the Council of Northampton and joined in the denunciation of Thomas-a-Becket⁵

Event-Misc

1174

He supported Henry II against his sons⁵

Event-Misc

1176

He escorted Joan, daughter of King Henry II for her marriage to the King of Sicily, Witness=Joan of England⁵

(Witness) King-England

3 September 1189

Westminster, Middlesex, England, Principal=Richard I the Lionhearted^5,8,9,10

Event-Misc

1193

He bore one of the three swords at the 2nd coronation of Richard I⁵

Event-Misc

1193

He was one of the treasurers for the ransom of King Richard I⁵

(Witness) Crowned

27 May 1199

Westminster Abbey, Westminster, Middlesex, England, King of England, Principal=John Lackland^{11,12,5,9,13,14}

Family

Isabel de Warene b. c 1137, d. 12 Jul 1203

Children

Anonyma de Warenne+^4,15
Maud de Warenne+^4,16,5 d. c 1212
Ella de Warenne^4,5 d. b 1240
Griffen Warren⁴
Isabel de Warenne⁵ d. b 30 Nov 1234
Sir William de Warenne+^1,4,17,5 b. c 1166, d. 27 May 1240

Last Edited

24 Sep 2005

Citations

[S168] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 83-26.
[S284] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry, Bohun 3.
[S284] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry, Plantagenet 1.
[S218] Marlyn Lewis, Ancestry of Elizabeth of York.
[S284] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry, Warenne 2.
[S376] Unknown editor, unknown short title.
[S183] Jr. Meredith B. Colket, Marbury Ancestry, p. 38.
[S284] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry, Plantagenet 2.
[S284] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry, Plantagenet 3.
[S347] Carl Boyer 3rd, Medieval English Ancestors of Certain Americans, p. 79.
[S168] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 1-26.
[S234] David Faris, Plantagenet Ancestry, Plantagenet 16.
[S347] Carl Boyer 3rd, Medieval English Ancestors of Certain Americans, p. 29.
[S347] Carl Boyer 3rd, Medieval English Ancestors of Certain Americans, p. 84.
[S168] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 218-27.
[S168] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 123-27.
[S233] Frederick Lewis Weis, Magna Charta Sureties, 151-1.

Isabel Bigod¹

F, #2078, b. circa 1210

Father*

Sir Hugh Bigod^2,4,5 d. bt 11 Feb 1225 - 18 Feb 1225

Mother*

Maud Marshal^2,3 b. c 1192, d. 27 Mar 1248

Isabel Bigod|b. c 1210|p70.htm#i2078|Sir Hugh Bigod|d. bt 11 Feb 1225 - 18 Feb 1225|p90.htm#i2672|Maud Marshal|b. c 1192\nd. 27 Mar 1248|p90.htm#i2671|Sir Roger Bigod|b. b 1140\nd. b 2 Aug 1221|p70.htm#i2075|Ida de Tony||p70.htm#i2076|Sir William Marshal|b. 1146\nd. 14 May 1219|p89.htm#i2644|Isabel de Clare|b. 1173\nd. 1220|p100.htm#i2977|

Marriage*

Groom=Gilbert de Lacy^6,7,8

Birth*

circa 1210

Norfolk, Norfolk, England⁷

Marriage*

after 1230

Groom=Sir John FitzGeoffrey^9,7,10,11

Marriage

before 12 April 1234

Her maritagium included lands in Great Connell, co. Kildare, Groom=Sir John FitzGeoffrey¹²

Burial*

Grey Friar's, Worcester, England^7,13

Name Variation

Isabel le Bigod¹⁴

Family 1

Gilbert de Lacy b. c 1200, d. b 25 Dec 1230

Children

Margaret de Lacy of Dulek+^6,7,8 d. 1256
Walter de Lacy¹⁵
Maud de Lacy+^7,16 b. c 1230, d. 11 Apr 1304

Family 2

Sir John FitzGeoffrey b. c 1205, d. 23 Nov 1258

Children

Joan FitzJohn+^17,7,18 d. bt 25 Feb 1303 - 26 May 1303
Richard FitzJohn¹⁹ d. b 17 Nov 1297
John FitzJohn²⁰ d. 6 Nov 1275
Aveline FitzJohn+^7,21 b. c 1238, d. c 20 May 1274
Isabel FitzJohn+^7,22 b. c 1240
Maud FitzJohn FitzGeoffrey+^7,23 b. bt 1244 - 1250, d. c 17 Apr 1301

Last Edited

8 Oct 2005

Citations

[S183] Jr. Meredith B. Colket, Marbury Ancestry, p. 39.
[S168] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 70-28.
[S233] Frederick Lewis Weis, Magna Charta Sureties, 3-2.
[S233] Frederick Lewis Weis, Magna Charta Sureties, 4-2.
[S374] Douglas Richardson, Magna Carta Ancestry, Bigod 2.
[S168] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 70-29.
[S218] Marlyn Lewis, Ancestry of Elizabeth of York.
[S233] Frederick Lewis Weis, Magna Charta Sureties, 13-3.
[S168] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 73-29.
[S233] Frederick Lewis Weis, Magna Charta Sureties, 4-3.
[S301] Carl Boyer 3rd, Medieval English Ancestors of Robert Abell, p. 16.
[S374] Douglas Richardson, Magna Carta Ancestry, Verdun 3.
[S347] Carl Boyer 3rd, Medieval English Ancestors of Certain Americans, p. 30.
[S374] Douglas Richardson, Magna Carta Ancestry, Verdun 4.
[S347] Carl Boyer 3rd, Medieval English Ancestors of Certain Americans, p. 120.
[S233] Frederick Lewis Weis, Magna Charta Sureties, 12-4.
[S168] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 73-30.
[S233] Frederick Lewis Weis, Magna Charta Sureties, 24-6.
[S325] Rev. C. Moor, Knights of Edward I, v. 1, p. 75.
[S347] Carl Boyer 3rd, Medieval English Ancestors of Certain Americans, p. 88.
[S233] Frederick Lewis Weis, Magna Charta Sureties, 15-4.
[S233] Frederick Lewis Weis, Magna Charta Sureties, 8-4.
[S168] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 72-30.

Sir John FitzGeoffrey¹

M, #2079, b. circa 1205, d. 23 November 1258

Father*

Sir Geoffrey FitzPiers^2,3,4 b. 1165, d. 14 Oct 1213

Mother*

Aveline de Clare^2,3,4,5 b. c 1172, d. b 4 Jun 1225

Shere & Shalford, Surrey; Fambridge Essex; Whaddon, Steeple Claydon, Quarrendon & Aylesbury, Buckingham; Cherhill & Winterslow, Wilts.; Pottersbury & Moulton, Northampton; Moreton Hampstead, Devonshire^2,5

Birth*

circa 1205

⁵

Marriage*

after 1230

2nd=Isabel Bigod^6,2,4,7

Marriage

before 12 April 1234

Her maritagium included lands in Great Connell, co. Kildare, 2nd=Isabel Bigod⁵

Death*

23 November 1258

^1,2,4,5

DNB*

John fitz Geoffrey (c.1206-1258), justiciar of Ireland and baronial leader, was the son of Geoffrey fitz Peter, fourth earl of Essex, justiciar of England (d. 1213), and his second wife, Aveline, daughter of Roger de Clare, earl of Hertford, and widow of William de Munchensi. In 1227 John fitz Geoffrey gave the king 300 marks to have seisin of the lands that had descended to him by right of inheritance from his father. Geoffrey fitz Peter had intended these to be extensive, for King John had granted to him and his heirs from his marriage with Aveline the castle and honour of Berkhamsted. This grant, however, never came to fruition, and Berkhamsted, after Geoffrey's death, remained in the hands of the king. Thus, with the earldom of Essex passing to the descendants of Geoffrey's first marriage, John had to make do with such manors as Aylesbury and Steeple Claydon in Buckinghamshire, Exning in Suffolk, and Cherhill and Winterslow in Wiltshire, the last the only part of the honour of Berkhamsted that he obtained. John was a substantial magnate but, in terms of land held in hereditary right, not one of the first rank. Probably this situation, and the example of his father, who had risen in the king's service from humble origins to the earldom of Essex, was the spur to his long career in the royal administration.

John began that career as sheriff of Yorkshire between 1234 and 1236. Then, in 1237, at the request of a parliament that conceded the king taxation, he was added to the king's council along with William (IV) de Warenne, earl of Surrey, and William de Ferrers, earl of Derby. If this elevation to the highest level reflected John's standing with his fellow magnates, in the ensuing years he gained and retained the confidence of the king. From 1237 until 1245 he seems to have acted as one of the stewards of the king's household, a post that he combined with the sheriffdom of Gloucestershire (1238–46) and more briefly with the office of chief justice of the southern forests (1241–2) and the seneschalship of Gascony (1243). He was thus well fitted for his long period in office as justiciar of Ireland (1245–56), where he had private interests through the dower of his wife, Isabel (daughter of Hugh Bigod, earl of Norfolk), who was the widow of Gilbert de Lacy of co. Meath. In 1254 Ireland was made part of the endowment of Edward, the king's son, and John fitz Geoffrey, between 1254 and 1258, became the prince's leading councillor. He also retained his place on the council of the king. His rewards from the latter, over his long career, had included the manors of Whaddon, Buckinghamshire, and Ringwood, Hampshire, the wardship of the land and heirs of Theobald Butler in Ireland (for which he paid 3000 marks), and ‘for his immense and laudable service’ the whole cantred of the Isles in Thomond.

In the political crisis of 1258, however, John fitz Geoffrey was one of the king's chief opponents. Indeed, a later chronicle, the Westminster Flores historiarum, named him and Simon de Montfort as the ringleaders of the revolution. Certainly he was one of the seven magnates whose confederation in April 1258 began the process of reform. He was then one of the twelve chosen by the barons to reform the realm, and one of the council of fifteen imposed on the king by the provisions of Oxford. On 23 July 1258 he went with Roger (III) Bigod, earl of Norfolk, and Simon de Montfort to demand that the Londoners accept ‘whatever the barons should provide for the utility and foundation of the realm’ (Cronica maiorum et vicecomitum Londiniarum, 38–9). John's sudden death on 23 November 1258 thus deprived the new regime of one of its bastions. The Westminster Flores ascribed John's conduct to resentment at being removed from the justiciarship of Ireland. Like other leading magnates he was also provoked by the behaviour of the king's Poitevin half-brothers. His place in Edward's councils was threatened by their growing influence over the prince. In addition, he was engaged in a fierce dispute over the advowson of one of his manors—Shere in Surrey—with the youngest of the brothers, Aymer de Valence, earl of Pembroke and bishop-elect of Winchester. This reached a climax on 1 April 1258 when Valence's men attacked John's at Shere and killed one of them. When John demanded justice, the king refused to hear him. This episode helped spur the revolutionary action taken against the king at the Westminster parliament which opened a week later. Indignation at John's treatment spread the more easily because his brothers-in-law were Roger Bigod, earl of Norfolk, and Hugh Bigod, who was later appointed justiciar by the provisions of Oxford. Both were his colleagues among the seven original confederate magnates.

John fitz Geoffrey was evidently a man of considerable parts, respected both by his fellow magnates and by the king. Indeed, despite his role in the revolution of 1258, when Henry III heard of John's death he ordered a solemn mass to be celebrated for his soul and donated a cloth of gold to cover his coffin. John was succeeded by his son, John fitz John, who became a leading supporter of Simon de Montfort.

D. A. Carpenter, rev.
Sources

Calendar of the charter rolls, 6 vols., PRO (1903–27) · CPR · CClR · Calendar of the fine rolls, 22 vols., PRO (1911–62) · Calendar of the liberate rolls, 6 vols., PRO (1916–64) · PRO, Just 1/1187, m. 1 · Paris, Chron. · H. R. Luard, ed., Flores historiarum, 3 vols., Rolls Series, 95 (1890) · T. Stapleton, ed., De antiquis legibus liber: cronica majorum et vicecomitum Londoniarum, CS, 34 (1846) · R. F. Treharne and I. J. Sanders, eds., Documents of the baronial movement of reform and rebellion, 1258–1267 (1973) · H. W. Ridgeway, ‘Oxford (1258)’, Thirteenth century England, ed. P. R. Coss and S. D. Lloyd, 1 (1986)
© Oxford University Press 2004–5
All rights reserved: see legal notice Oxford University Press

D. A. Carpenter, ‘John fitz Geoffrey (c.1206-1258)’, rev., Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/38271, accessed 23 Sept 2005]

John fitz Geoffrey (c.1206-1258): doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/38271⁸

Arms*

Esquartele d'or et de goules a la bordur de verree (Glover). Sealed, 13th cent.: Quarterly, a label of 5 points (Birch).⁹

Event-Misc

1237

He was sent to the Council of Lyons to protest against the papal tribute⁵

Event-Misc

1242

He was granted the manor of Whaddon, Buckinghamshire⁵

Occupation*

between 1245 and 1256

Justiciar of Ireland^1,3,4,9

(Witness) Event-Misc

21 January 1251

His wardship and minority were granted for 3,000 marks to John Fitzgeoffrey, Principal=Theobald Butler¹⁰

Feudal*

3 May 1251

Warham, Norf.⁹

Event-Misc

1253

He was granted the cantred of the Isles of Thornon⁵

Event-Misc*

14 November 1258

Trespasses were ordered by the Bp. Elect of Winchester, committed lately agst. Jn. Fitz Geoffry, by men of Farnham, and 300 m. recompense was made to him by guardians of the See, which 300 m. are now charged to the Bp.⁹

Event-Misc

22 July 1259

John Fitz Geoffry, lately Custos of Bristol Castle, is dead, and is succeeded in said custody by his s. John Fitz John (P.R.)⁹

Family

Isabel Bigod b. c 1210

Children

Joan FitzJohn+^1,2,11,10 d. bt 25 Feb 1303 - 26 May 1303
Richard FitzJohn¹² d. b 17 Nov 1297
John FitzJohn¹³ d. 6 Nov 1275
Aveline FitzJohn+² b. c 1238, d. c 20 May 1274
Isabel FitzJohn+² b. c 1240
Maud FitzJohn FitzGeoffrey+^2,14 b. bt 1244 - 1250, d. c 17 Apr 1301

Last Edited

23 Sep 2005

Citations

[S183] Jr. Meredith B. Colket, Marbury Ancestry, p. 39.
[S218] Marlyn Lewis, Ancestry of Elizabeth of York.
[S168] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 246C-28.
[S233] Frederick Lewis Weis, Magna Charta Sureties, 4-3.
[S374] Douglas Richardson, Magna Carta Ancestry, Verdun 3.
[S168] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 73-29.
[S301] Carl Boyer 3rd, Medieval English Ancestors of Robert Abell, p. 16.
[S376] Unknown editor, unknown short title.
[S325] Rev. C. Moor, Knights of Edward I, v. 2, p. 36.
[S287] G. E. C[okayne], CP, II - 449.
[S233] Frederick Lewis Weis, Magna Charta Sureties, 24-6.
[S325] Rev. C. Moor, Knights of Edward I, v. 1, p. 75.
[S347] Carl Boyer 3rd, Medieval English Ancestors of Certain Americans, p. 88.
[S168] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 72-30.

Theobald Butler¹

M, #2080, b. 1242, d. 26 September 1285

Father*

Theobald Butler^2,3 b. c 1223, d. 1248

Mother*

Margery de Burgh^2,3 d. a 1 Mar 1253

Charts

Ann Marbury Pedigree

Arklow, Wicklow, Ireland⁴

Birth*

1242

aged 6 in 1248 at his father's death^1,3,4

Marriage*

before 1268

Principal=Joan FitzJohn^1,2,5,3

Death*

26 September 1285

Castle of Arklow, Arklow, Wicklow, Ireland^1,3,6

Burial*

Monastery of Arklow, Arklow, Wicklow, Ireland³

Probate

5 January 1286

Name Variation

Thebaud le Boteler⁴

Arms*

Or. A chief indented az. (St. George, Segar).⁷

Event-Misc

21 January 1251

His wardship and minority were granted for 3,000 marks to John Fitzgeoffrey, Witness=Sir John FitzGeoffrey³

Event-Misc

12 November 1279

He owes £900, but for his services in Ireland, the King remits £100, and 400 m. for Kirkeham Church, Lancs., for whose advowson, the King gives him a sore-colored goshawk.⁶

Feudal*

20 April 1284

6 Kt. Fees in Tipperary⁶

Event-Misc*

He took part with Edward I in the war with Scotland³

Family

Joan FitzJohn d. bt 25 Feb 1303 - 26 May 1303

Children

Theobald Butler³ b. 22 Feb 1269, d. May 1299
Sir Edmund Butler Knt.+^1,5,3 b. c 1282, d. 13 Sep 1321

Last Edited

9 Sep 2005

Citations

[S183] Jr. Meredith B. Colket, Marbury Ancestry, p. 39.
[S168] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 73-30.
[S287] G. E. C[okayne], CP, II - 449.
[S374] Douglas Richardson, Magna Carta Ancestry, Butler 4.
[S233] Frederick Lewis Weis, Magna Charta Sureties, 24-6.
[S325] Rev. C. Moor, Knights of Edward I, p. 120.
[S325] Rev. C. Moor, Knights of Edward I, p. 119.

Sir Edmund Butler Knt.¹

M, #2081, b. circa 1282, d. 13 September 1321

Father*

Theobald Butler^1,2,3 b. 1242, d. 26 Sep 1285

Mother*

Joan FitzJohn^1,2,3 d. bt 25 Feb 1303 - 26 May 1303

Charts

Ann Marbury Pedigree

Knocktopher, co. Kilkenney, Rathkennan, co. Tipperary, Sopley, Hampshire, La Vacherie (in Cranley) and Shere, Surrey.⁴

Birth*

circa 1282

was of age 13 Jan 1304³

Marriage*

1302

Principal=Joan FitzJohn^1,5,6,7,8

Death*

13 September 1321

London, Middlesex, England, after returning from a pilgrimage to St. James Compostella, Spain.^1,5,2,8,9

Burial*

9 November 1321

Gowran, Kilkenny, Ireland⁸

DNB*

Butler, Edmund, earl of Carrick (d. 1321), justiciar of Ireland, was a younger son of Theobald Butler (d. 1285), butler of Ireland, and Joan, daughter of John Fitzgeoffrey. He may have visited England as early as 1289, and was certainly of age at the death of his childless elder brother, Theobald (V), in 1299. The death of his mother in 1303 brought him a share of the Fitzjohn lands in England and Ireland, and he also acquired some of the English and Irish estates of the Pippards. In 1302 he married Joan, a daughter of John fitz Thomas Fitzgerald (d. 1316), later first earl of Kildare.

In 1303 Butler was ready to join an Irish expeditionary force to Scotland, but was asked to remain in Ireland for its security. He acted as deputy justiciar from November 1304 to May 1305, when John Wogan was out of the country. During a visit to England in 1309–10 he was knighted by Edward II. He was deputy again from August 1312 to June 1314. In the winter of 1312–13 he organized a major campaign in Leinster which brought the Uí Bhroin of Wicklow to the peace. At a Michaelmas feast in Dublin in 1313 he is said to have dubbed thirty knights. He served once more as justiciar from February 1315 to April 1318, for the last year under Roger Mortimer, who had been appointed king's lieutenant. His period of office coincided both with the invasion of Ireland by the Scots under Edward Bruce and with the great famine of 1316–17. He brought the magnates of Ireland to Dundalk to confront Bruce in July 1315. When the Scots retreated north, he did not follow, assuming (reasonably but wrongly) that the earl of Ulster was capable of defeating them. When Bruce came south early in 1316, he was present at an inconclusive battle at Skerries in Kildare, after which he and other magnates gave hostages and assurances of loyalty to John Hotham, the king's emissary. A year later, when Robert Bruce had joined his brother in Ireland, Butler left Dublin to its own devices and concentrated upon mustering Munster against the Scots. The army he raised confronted them near Limerick in April 1317, leaving King Robert's forces no choice but to retreat, starving. Shortly before Butler died, Edward II issued a declaration ‘to clear the fair fame of Edmund le Botiller who has been accused of having assisted the Scots in Ireland, that he has borne himself well and faithfully towards the king’ (CPR, 1317–21, 535). Any suspicions seem groundless. It fell to Butler to organize a highly regionalized country in the most difficult circumstances; if his performance was not glorious, it compared favourably with that of Edward II himself and of those who defended the north of England at the same period.

On 1 September 1315 Edward II had granted Butler the manors of Carrick-on-Suir and Roscrea in Tipperary, with the title of earl of Carrick. He was also given return of writs in three Tipperary cantreds, a grant that foreshadowed the later liberty of Tipperary. He was occasionally referred to as earl by the king (and in April 1317 by Pope John XXII); but, perhaps because of its limited endowment, his comital status failed to gain acceptance, and he did not normally use the title. In 1320 the pope released him from a vow to undertake a pilgrimage to Santiago de Compostela because of the state of Ireland. He spent his last months in England, in March 1321 arranging a marriage (which was outrun by events) between his daughter, Joan, and Roger, the second son of Roger Mortimer, involving the settlement of the Mortimer lands in Ireland on the couple. He died in London on or shortly before 13 September 1321, and was buried the following November at Gowran (Kilkenny), where the bishop of Ossory and the prior of the hospitallers had earlier agreed to supply four priests to pray for his soul and those of members of his family. He was succeeded by his son, James Butler, who in 1328 became first earl of Ormond.

Robin Frame
Sources

Chancery records · E. Curtis, ed., Calendar of Ormond deeds, IMC, 1: 1172–1350 (1932) · J. T. Gilbert, ed., Chartularies of St Mary's Abbey, Dublin: with the register of its house at Dunbrody and annals of Ireland, 2, Rolls Series, 80 (1884) · A. J. Otway-Ruthven, A history of medieval Ireland (1968) · R. Frame, ‘The Bruces in Ireland, 1315–18’, Irish Historical Studies, 19 (1974–5), 3–37 · R. Frame, ‘The campaign against the Scots in Munster, 1317’, Irish Historical Studies, 24 (1984–5), 361–72 · R. Frame, English lordship in Ireland, 1318–1361 (1982) · J. R. S. Phillips, ‘The mission of John de Hotham to Ireland, 1315–1316’, England and Ireland in the later middle ages, ed. J. Lydon (1981), 62–85 · The annals of Ireland by Friar John Clyn and Thady Dowling: together with the annals of Ross, ed. R. Butler, Irish Archaeological Society (1849) · CEPR letters, 2.196, 415, 439 · PRO · GEC, Peerage
Archives

NL Ire., deeds

© Oxford University Press 2004–5
All rights reserved: see legal notice Oxford University Press

Robin Frame, ‘Butler, Edmund, earl of Carrick (d. 1321)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/50020, accessed 23 Sept 2005]

Edmund Butler (d. 1321): doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/50020¹⁰

Name Variation

le Boteler

Event-Misc

1299

He was heir to his brother Theobald⁴

Event-Misc*

30 August 1300

He did homage for his brother's lands⁹

Event-Misc

13 January 1304

He had livery of his mother's lands in England⁹

Event-Misc

16 October 1306

He was lately vice-Justiciary of Ireland⁹

Feudal*

Easter 1307

a barony at Tullath Offelmyth, Carlow, as 4 Kt. Fees⁹

Knighted*

1309

London, by Edward II^3,4

Occupation*

between 1312 and 1317

Justiciar and Chief Governor of Ireland^1,3

Event-Misc

20 September 1313

Dublin, Ireland, He created 30 knights at a feast¹¹

Event-Misc

1316

He commanded the English forces in Ireland against the invasion of Edward Bruce⁴

Family

Joan FitzJohn

Child

Sir James Butler K.B.+^1,2,6,7,8 b. 1305, d. 6 Jan 1337/38

Last Edited

23 Sep 2005

Citations

[S183] Jr. Meredith B. Colket, Marbury Ancestry, p. 39.
[S233] Frederick Lewis Weis, Magna Charta Sureties, 24-6.
[S287] G. E. C[okayne], CP, II - 449.
[S284] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry, Butler 5.
[S168] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 73-31.
[S234] David Faris, Plantagenet Ancestry, Butler 10.
[S284] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry, Butler 9.
[S287] G. E. C[okayne], CP, II - 450.
[S325] Rev. C. Moor, Knights of Edward I, p. 116.
[S376] Unknown editor, unknown short title.
[S301] Carl Boyer 3rd, Medieval English Ancestors of Robert Abell, p. 48.

Sir John FitzThomas FitzGerald Knt.¹

M, #2082, b. between 1260 and 1270, d. 12 September 1316

Father*

Thomas FitzMaurice FitzGerald^2,3 d. 1271

Mother*

Rohesia de St. Michael³

Sir John FitzThomas FitzGerald Knt.|b. bt 1260 - 1270\nd. 12 Sep 1316|p70.htm#i2082|Thomas FitzMaurice FitzGerald|d. 1271|p365.htm#i10930|Rohesia de St. Michael||p493.htm#i14774|Sir Maurice FitzGerald "the Friar"|b. 1190\nd. 20 May 1257|p365.htm#i10931|Juliana de Cogan||p365.htm#i10932|||||||

Charts

Ann Marbury Pedigree

Marriage*

Principal=Blanche Roche^4,5,3

Birth*

between 1260 and 1270

⁶

Death*

12 September 1316

Laraghbryan, Maynooth, Kildare, Ireland^7,3

Burial*

Church of the Friars Minor, Kildare, Ireland⁷

Note

He received the hereditary claims of Juliana de Cogan and Amabil, daughter of Maurice FitzMaurice and Matilda de Prendergast⁸

Note*

A legend states that when he was a baby in the Castle of Woodstock near Athy in Kildare, a fire broke out, and he was rescued by a monkey who held him in his arms while he climbed a tower.³

DNB*

Fitzgerald, John fitz Thomas, first earl of Kildare (d. 1316), magnate, was the son of Thomas fitz Maurice Fitzgerald (d. 1271), the fourth son of Maurice Fitzgerald (d. 1257), lord of Offaly. Later tradition states that his mother was a member of the St Michael family. Little is known of fitz Thomas's early career and no details of his date of birth or education have survived. However, as it is recorded that his father held lands in Banada (Sligo) and that fitz Thomas himself was in possession of properties in Connacht before March 1288, it seems likely that he was raised in that province.
Inheritance and rise to prominence
The first reference to fitz Thomas dates from June 1287, a time when the very survival of the Geraldines of Leinster as a major force in Ireland was in serious doubt. First, fitz Thomas's uncle Maurice fitz Maurice Fitzgerald, who possessed great estates in Connacht, had died in 1286, leaving as his coheirs two daughters, Juliana, wife of Thomas de Clare, and Amabilia, a childless widow. Second, two powerful absentees, Emeline Longespée and Agnes de Valence, widows of Maurice fitz Maurice Fitzgerald (d. 1286) and Maurice Fitzgerald (d. 1268), lord of Offaly, respectively, had claims to large tracts of Geraldine property. Most importantly, in June 1287 the lord of Offaly, Gerald fitz Maurice Fitzgerald (d. 1287) [see under Fitzgerald, Maurice], was on the point of dying without children; had he not taken action, the lordship of Offaly would have devolved upon the Cogan family through his heir-general, his aunt Juliana, widow of John de Cogan. Gerald decided to retain the lordship in Geraldine hands and on 26 June 1287 he began to transfer the title to his estates to fitz Thomas, who appears to have been the sole surviving male representative of the family. Fitz Thomas thus took control of the core Geraldine territories in Leinster, including Lea, their caput in Offaly, as well as part of the great manor of Maynooth, and by January 1289, he was styling himself lord of Offaly. Fitz Thomas also greatly benefited from a similar action taken in February 1288 by Amabilia, daughter and coheir of Maurice fitz Maurice Fitzgerald. Amabilia declared her intention to quitclaim her inheritance in its entirety over to fitz Thomas, a decision which brought great estates in what are now counties Sligo, Mayo, and Galway, in addition to claims to western Ulster, into his hands. Fitz Thomas's meteoric rise was further facilitated by his close ties to John de Sandford, archbishop of Dublin and chief governor of Ireland from 1288 to 1290, who provided invaluable assistance to the new lord of Offaly on several occasions. For example, in September 1289 Sandford pacified the Irish of Offaly, who had heavily defeated fitz Thomas earlier in the year. In June 1291, the archbishop took his protégé to England. While there, fitz Thomas appears to have formed an enduring and profitable personal relationship with Edward I, who granted him the custodianship of two key royal castles, Roscommon and Rindown, thus providing fitz Thomas with an ideal springboard from which to promote his burgeoning interests in Connacht.
Disputes with other magnates
Upon fitz Thomas's return home in 1292, he launched himself into the series of conflicts which have earned him his modern reputation for extreme lawlessness. His most famous quarrel was with William de Vescy, Sandford's successor as chief governor of Ireland and lord of the liberty of Kildare in his own right. The two men clashed in Connacht early in 1293, where fitz Thomas deposed a king who had been installed by Vescy ten days earlier, and in Kildare, where Vescy appears to have abused his jurisdictional powers. By July 1293, the situation was so serious that the king was moved to intervene in order to prevent an open outbreak of hostilities. Despite the establishment of a commission to investigate the dispute, the quarrel re-erupted on 1 April 1294, when fitz Thomas came before the council in Dublin and accused Vescy of being a traitor and retailer of slanderous tales about the king. The outraged lord of Kildare promptly challenged him to a duel which was scheduled to take place at Westminster in July 1294, at which stage fitz Thomas failed to appear. However, his extraordinary tactics actually succeeded, as no action was taken against him and in August 1295 the case was quashed on technical grounds. Moreover, Vescy never returned to Ireland, and in 1297 his liberty reverted to the crown, leaving fitz Thomas to dominate the Kildare region without a serious rival.

In sharp contrast, the outcome of fitz Thomas's most serious dispute proved to be gravely damaging to his interests. As early as 1288, his relationship with the most powerful magnate in Ireland, Richard de Burgh, earl of Ulster, had become tense, as both men strove for dominance in Connacht. In late 1294, fitz Thomas, in the words of one chronicler, ‘waxed loftie of mind’, and resorted to physical violence to settle the issue (Holinshed's Irish Chronicle, 201). He and his men attacked de Burgh's supporters in Meath, Kildare, and Connacht, in an explosion of lawlessness known to contemporaries as ‘the time of disturbance’. During ‘the disturbance’ fitz Thomas also, at the very least, facilitated the burning of the records of the liberty of Kildare by the Irish warlord An Calbhach Ó Conchobhair Failghe. Most spectacularly, in December 1294, he captured the earl and imprisoned him in Lea Castle for three months until he signed away any jurisdictional rights which he may have had over fitz Thomas in Connacht. However, given the king's well-known antipathy to such activities, fitz Thomas's behaviour can only be regarded as an act of folly which bordered on plain stupidity. Not surprisingly, in August 1295 he was summoned in disgrace to Westminster, was forced to throw himself upon the mercy of the king, and was only permitted to return home after meeting stringent conditions. Thereafter, despite a few minor clashes, a truce arranged between the two factions in early 1296 by John Wogan, the incoming chief governor, largely held intact until October 1298, when the chief protagonists came to an agreement. By any definition, its terms constituted a humiliating reverse for fitz Thomas. In addition to a set of symbolic gestures to atone for his trespass, the agreement stipulated that he should hand over all of his holdings in Connacht and Ulster to de Burgh. To make matters worse, fitz Thomas's subsequent tardiness in implementing the agreement cost him the opportunity of acquiring lands in Munster and Leinster in part-compensation for his losses. On balance, it is difficult to avoid the conclusion that fitz Thomas threw away the Geraldines' Connacht inheritance through a mixture of violent recklessness and legal ineptitude.

Fitz Thomas's propensity to take extreme measures also manifested itself in his dealings with Agnes de Valence, King Edward's first cousin and widow of Maurice Fitzgerald (d. 1268). As a result of a particularly generous marriage agreement, Agnes held a life interest in the family's extensive Limerick properties, as well as a third part of their estates elsewhere, a state of affairs which fitz Thomas refused to accept. Most notably, he twice seized her properties, claiming on both occasions that she had just died. During the 1300s, when Agnes attempted to regain the considerable sums of money owed to her by fitz Thomas, he was largely successful in resisting her efforts, principally because of his ability to suborn the local officials in both Limerick and Kildare. However, his refusal to honour his debts also affected him adversely, in that it caused considerable disruption to his own tenants. Overall, it seems likely that this kind of behaviour lay behind the fact that, unlike his forebears and his descendants, he was never entrusted with the justiciarship, thus losing out on the opportunity to dovetail royal business with Geraldine self-interest in the fashion perfected by his grandfather.
Military service
However, it is clear that fitz Thomas's military usefulness at home and overseas redeemed him in the eyes of both the king and the Dublin administration. Indeed, at the time of his disgrace in 1295, fitz Thomas was fortunate that King Edward's foreign and domestic problems left him in dire need of soldiers, and he certainly seized the opportunity to serve overseas with enthusiasm, campaigning in Scotland in 1296 and in 1301, and leading a force to Flanders in 1298. Such service brought both royal forgiveness and royal benefaction, in the form of tangible grants and the lending of a sympathetic ear to his political grievances in Ireland. For example, in 1298 fitz Thomas was given the valuable wardship of the lands and heirs of his Desmond kinsman, Thomas fitz Maurice Fitzgerald. In Ireland, fitz Thomas's martial energies were mainly devoted to attempting to curb the autonomy of the Irish dynasties of the midlands, who basically remained hostile throughout his career. He purchased several properties in the marches from their absentee owners, including the manor and castle of Morett, suggesting that, despite the near-continuous warfare, the region remained profitable, at least for a resident magnate.
Further conflict and attachments
Notwithstanding the trauma of his expulsion from Connacht, fitz Thomas was never completely cured of his taste for extralegal violence. For example, in early 1310, following the long-anticipated death of Agnes de Valence, he again occupied her properties and triggered a civil war with his cousin John de Cogan, who also had a strong claim to the estates. On this occasion however, Cogan's fortuitous death resolved the issue in fitz Thomas's favour. To judge from the marriages made by his children, fitz Thomas's impetuosity did not affect his social standing in Ireland. He and his wife, Blanche de Roche (d. in or after August 1331), had three sons, Gerald, Thomas, and John, and two daughters, Joan and Elizabeth. Although Gerald, their eldest son and heir, apparently died unmarried in 1303, a de Burgh alliance had been mooted in 1298 as part of the peace agreement with the earl of Ulster. In 1302 Joan married Edmund Butler, later earl of Carrick. In 1312, Thomas Fitzgerald, the second son and fitz Thomas's successor, married Joan de Burgh, daughter of the earl of Ulster. Later tradition states that Elizabeth married Sir Nicholas Netterville. Significantly, after regaining the Geraldines' Limerick properties from Agnes de Valence, fitz Thomas enhanced his claims to respectability by founding an Augustinian abbey at Adare in 1315.
Earl of Kildare and death
Somewhat ironically, fitz Thomas's last and greatest achievement came about as a direct result of the calamitous invasion of Ireland by Edward Bruce in 1315. He was prominent among the Irish magnates who remained loyal to Edward II, although in a typical gesture he used the opportunity to remind the king of an unfulfilled promise to grant him land to the value of £60 per annum in reward for his previous good service. He was one of the leaders of the army which unsuccessfully opposed the Scots at Arscoll, near Athy, in January 1316. In the aftermath of the defeat, the invaders ravaged fitz Thomas's nearby estates. Shortly afterwards, King Edward summoned fitz Thomas to England to discuss the crisis and on 14 May 1316, in consideration of his faithful service in the past and future, the king raised him to the title and dignity of earl of Kildare. In addition, the new earl was granted all of the lands and rights in Kildare formerly held by William de Vescy, with the significant exception of the liberty. However, fitz Thomas did not long enjoy his newly exalted status. He died on 8 September 1316 at Laraghbryan, near Maynooth, and was buried in the Franciscan friary at Kildare.

From relatively humble origins, fitz Thomas rapidly rose to become one of Ireland's greatest magnates, and survived an exceptionally turbulent career which culminated in his elevation to the earldom of Kildare. To a great extent, his achievement was based upon the combination of good fortune with his own single-minded determination to amass the greatest possible proportion of Geraldine property into his own hands.

Cormac Ó Cléirigh
Sources

G. MacNiocaill, ed., The Red Book of the earls of Kildare (1964) · H. S. Sweetman and G. F. Handcock, eds., Calendar of documents relating to Ireland, 5 vols., PRO (1875–86) · J. Mills and others, eds., Calendar of the justiciary rolls … of Ireland, 3 vols. (1905–56) · A. M. Freeman, ed. and trans., Annála Connacht / The annals of Connacht (1944); repr. (1970) · J. T. Gilbert, ed., Chartularies of St Mary's Abbey, Dublin: with the register of its house at Dunbrody and annals of Ireland, 2, Rolls Series, 80 (1884), 303–98 · G. H. Orpen, ‘The Fitz Geralds, barons of Offaly’, Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland, 6th ser., 4 (1914), 99–113 · RotP, vol. 1 · H. G. Richardson and G. O. Sayles, eds., Rotuli parliamentorum Anglie hactenus inediti, MCCLXXIX–MCCCLXXIII, CS, 3rd ser., 51 (1935) · E. Tresham, ed., Rotulorum patentium et clausorum cancellariae Hiberniae calendarium, Irish Record Commission (1828) · C. MacNeill, ‘Reports on the Rawlinson collection’, Analecta Hibernica, 2 (1931), 1–92, esp. 1–43 · J. R. S. Phillips, ‘Documents on the early stages of the Bruce invasion of Ireland, 1315–1316’, Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy, 79C (1979), 247–70 · Holinshed’s Irish chronicle, ed. L. Miller and E. Power, new edn (1979) · J. Lodge, The peerage of Ireland, 4 vols. (1754), vols. 1, 2
Archives

BL · NA Ire. · PRO

© Oxford University Press 2004–5
All rights reserved: see legal notice Oxford University Press

Cormac Ó Cléirigh, ‘Fitzgerald, John fitz Thomas, first earl of Kildare (d. 1316)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/9645, accessed 23 Sept 2005]

John fitz Thomas Fitzgerald (d. 1316): doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/9645⁹

Event-Misc*

1288

He was guardian of part of the marches of the English pale in Ireland⁸

Event-Misc

1293

He built Sligo Castle⁸

Event-Misc*

1294

Sir John FitzThomas FitzGerald took captive Richard de Burgh, Earl of Ulster, but was force to release him by the outcry in Ireland, Principal=Richard de Burgh⁸

Event-Misc

1298

Sir John and Earl Richard made peace, Principal=Richard de Burgh⁸

Event-Misc

October 1309

He provided a force against the Scots⁸

Event-Misc

February 1314/15

He fought against the Scots⁸

Title

14 May 1316

He was created Earl of Kildare⁸

Title*

5th Baron of Offaly, 1st Earl of Kildare^7,10

Family

Blanche Roche d. a Feb 1329/30

Children

Joan FitzJohn+^1,7,11,10,5
John FitzJohn FitzGerald⁸
Gerald FitzJohn FitzGerald⁸ d. 1303
Thomas FitzJohn FitzGerald⁸ d. 5 Apr 1328 or 9 Apr 1328
(?) FitzJohn FitzGerald⁸

Last Edited

23 Sep 2005

Citations

[S183] Jr. Meredith B. Colket, Marbury Ancestry, p. 39.
[S168] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 178A-6.
[S301] Carl Boyer 3rd, Medieval English Ancestors of Robert Abell, p. 113.
[S168] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 73-31.
[S287] G. E. C[okayne], CP, II - 450.
[S285] Leo van de Pas, 30 Jun 2004.
[S168] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 178A-7.
[S301] Carl Boyer 3rd, Medieval English Ancestors of Robert Abell, p. 114.
[S376] Unknown editor, unknown short title.
[S284] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry, Butler 9.
[S234] David Faris, Plantagenet Ancestry, Butler 10.

Joan FitzJohn¹

F, #2083, d. between 25 February 1303 and 26 May 1303

Father*

Sir John FitzGeoffrey^1,2,3,4 b. c 1205, d. 23 Nov 1258

Mother*

Isabel Bigod^5,2,3 b. c 1210

Charts

Ann Marbury Pedigree

Marriage*

before 1268

Principal=Theobald Butler^1,5,3,4

Death*

between 25 February 1303 and 26 May 1303

^1,5,4

Note*

She was co-heir to her brother, Richard, by which she inherited the manors of Fambridge, Essex, Shere, Surrey, and Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire⁶

Family

Theobald Butler b. 1242, d. 26 Sep 1285

Children

Theobald Butler⁴ b. 22 Feb 1269, d. May 1299
Sir Edmund Butler Knt.+^1,3,4 b. c 1282, d. 13 Sep 1321

Last Edited

9 Sep 2005

Citations

[S183] Jr. Meredith B. Colket, Marbury Ancestry, p. 39.
[S218] Marlyn Lewis, Ancestry of Elizabeth of York.
[S233] Frederick Lewis Weis, Magna Charta Sureties, 24-6.
[S287] G. E. C[okayne], CP, II - 449.
[S168] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 73-30.
[S374] Douglas Richardson, Magna Carta Ancestry, Butler 4.

Sir Humphrey VII de Bohun^1,2

M, #2084, b. September 1248, d. 31 December 1298

Father*

Sir Humphrey VI de Bohun^1,3,4,5 d. 27 Oct 1265

Mother*

Eleanor de Braiose^1,3,4,5 d. b 1264

Charts

Ann Marbury Pedigree

Birth*

September 1248

(aged 18.5 in 1267)^1,6,7,8

Marriage*

20 July 1275

1st=Maud de Fiennes, Witness=Sir John de Bohun^{1,6,9,10,7,11,12}

Death*

31 December 1298

Pleshy, Essex, England^1,6,7

Burial*

Walden Abbey, Essex, England^7,13

Feudal

Pleshey, Essex, Kington, Herefordshire¹⁴

DNB*

Bohun, Humphrey (VII) de, fourth earl of Hereford and ninth earl of Essex (c.1276-1322), magnate and administrator, was the son and heir of Humphrey (VI) de Bohun, third earl of Hereford and eighth earl of Essex (c.1249-1298), constable of England, and his wife, Maud de Fiennes, daughter of Enguerrand, seigneur de Fiennes. Edward I received his homage and granted livery of his father's lands on 16 February 1298. Bohun attended the marriage of Edward I to Margaret of France at Canterbury on 10 September 1299. In 1300 he was present at the siege of Caerlaverock, and in the following year he was among those barons who sealed a letter of grievances to the pope. He married Elizabeth, youngest daughter of Edward I, and widow of John, count of Holland, in 1302; among their children was William de Bohun, first earl of Northampton. Before the marriage he surrendered all of his lands and rights as both earl and constable to the king. They were regranted jointly to the earl and his wife after the wedding took place. In October 1304 he was to have accompanied the prince of Wales to Amiens to perform homage on his father's behalf for Aquitaine, but the journey was not undertaken. In 1306 he and his wife were granted Lochmaben Castle and all the lands of Robert Bruce in Annandale. He participated at the knighting of Edward of Caernarfon (the future Edward II) on 22 May 1306, fastening one of the prince's spurs. Later, in the Scottish campaign, he served with Thomas of Lancaster, investing the castle at Kildrummy.

Early on in Edward II's reign, Bohun seems to have been well disposed to the new king. He witnessed the grant of the earldom of Cornwall to Edward's Gascon favourite, Piers Gaveston, in August, he dined with the king in August and September, and he was present at court in October and November 1307. He attended the Wallingford tournament in December, when Gaveston defeated a party including himself and the earls of Arundel and Surrey. When he accompanied the king to France for his marriage to Isabella in January 1308, however, he appears to have entered the baronial opposition that was beginning to develop. He sealed the so-called Boulogne agreement which foreshadowed the opposition that was to emerge, led by the earl of Lincoln, at the parliament of April 1308. Nevertheless, at the coronation of Edward II he bore the sceptre with the cross, and throughout 1308–9 he was frequently present at court, as his presence as a witness in the charter rolls attests. In 1310 he was elected as one of the lords ordainer, appointed to reform the king's household and government. According to the Vita Edwardi secundi he refused to accompany the king on the Scottish campaign of 1310–11 because of his hatred of Gaveston. Edward II stripped him of the constableship, but restored him to the office on 28 August 1311. When Gaveston returned from his third and final exile early in 1312, Bohun was among the magnates who organized opposition to the king and his favourite. He was charged with protecting Essex and the east while others hunted Gaveston down. Following Gaveston's capture Bohun was present at Warwick and participated in the deliberations that resulted in Gaveston's execution on 19 June. Indeed, on 18 June letters were sealed by the earls of Lancaster and Warwick guaranteeing Bohun against any losses he might suffer as a consequence of this act. He was active in the subsequent peace negotiations with the king, and was among those pardoned by Edward in October 1313. In the following year he fought at Bannockburn and was taken prisoner. According to the Vita Edwardi secundi a dispute between Bohun, constable of England, and the young earl of Gloucester over who should have precedence in the line of attack was a major factor in the English failure. Bohun was subsequently exchanged for Elizabeth de Burgh, wife of Robert I.

From 1315 until 1320 Bohun was regularly present at court, where he is constantly found as a witness in the charter rolls, eclipsed in the frequency of his attendance only by the Despensers. The full nature of his reconciliation with the king is clearly indicated by his presence at Kings Langley on 3 January 1315 for the long-delayed burial of Gaveston. On 11 February 1316 he was appointed captain of the English forces being raised to suppress the revolt of Llywelyn Bren in Glamorgan, and in this he was successful. Later in the year he was appointed to the committee established to reform the king's household and kingdom, but by 1317 he had entered an indenture of service with the king on very favourable terms. He was present at the negotiation of the treaty of Leake in 1318, and he was appointed to the new council that resulted. In 1318–19 he served in the war with Scotland.

Throughout this period, however, the power and influence of the Despensers had grown inordinately. As an important marcher lord Bohun was the natural leader of the opposition to the younger Despenser's territorial aggrandizement. On 30 January 1321 he was sent a royal order not to attend or assent to an illegal assembly that he was about to hold with other magnates, including the earls of Arundel and Surrey. It is likely that soon after this he met with Lancaster to form an alliance. On 16 March the king occupied Bohun's castle at Builth for the latter's failure to appear at a conference with the earl marshal. Further warnings from the king and denunciations of the favourites by the marchers led to an escalation of tensions but no settlement. On 4 May Bohun and the marchers began the destruction of the Despenser estates. In the short term the marchers' objectives were achieved and the Despensers were driven into exile. But the king soon recalled them and showed an unwonted zeal in prosecuting a counter-offensive against his baronial foes in the autumn of 1321. Bohun occupied Gloucester in December, and burned Bridgnorth and destroyed its bridge. Forced to go as far north as Shrewsbury, Edward crossed the Severn on 14 January, after which many of the marchers, including the Mortimers, surrendered. Bohun withdrew to Pontefract, and on 23 January the king ordered the confiscation of his goods. Edward consolidated his grip on the south before turning north for a final confrontation with Bohun and the earl of Lancaster. This came on 16 March 1322 at Boroughbridge, where Bohun was killed in battle. He was buried at the Dominican house in York.

Described in the Caerlaverock roll as ‘a rich and elegant young man’, Bohun's fluid political loyalties characterize the problems of Edward II's tumultuous reign. He was succeeded by the second of his six sons, John. Another son, Humphrey, succeeded John as sixth earl in 1335.

J. S. Hamilton
Sources

J. R. Maddicott, Thomas of Lancaster, 1307–1322: a study in the reign of Edward II (1970) · J. R. S. Phillips, Aymer de Valence, earl of Pembroke, 1307–1324: baronial politics in the reign of Edward II (1972) · N. Fryde, The tyranny and fall of Edward II, 1321–1326 (1979) · Calendar of the charter rolls, 6 vols., PRO (1903–27) [PRO C53] · GEC, Peerage · CPR · CClR · N. Denholm-Young, ed. and trans., Vita Edwardi secundi (1957) · CIPM, 2, no. 552
Archives

PRO, C53

© Oxford University Press 2004–5
All rights reserved: see legal notice Oxford University Press

J. S. Hamilton, ‘Bohun, Humphrey (VII) de, fourth earl of Hereford and ninth earl of Essex (c.1276-1322)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/2777, accessed 23 Sept 2005]

Humphrey (VII) de Bohun (c.1276-1322): doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/2777¹⁵

Arms*

Az. A bend arg. cottised or bet. 6 lioncels or (Falkirk).⁸

Event-Misc

8 November 1270

Henry III took his homage and he had livery of his mother's lands¹³

Event-Misc

14 January 1271

He was retained by the King as his yeoman at a salary of 40 marks.⁸

Occupation*

from 1275

Constable of England (the same source lists John de Bohun, his brother, as constable in 1282).¹³

(Witness) Event-Misc

1275

William de Fiennes pledged part of his estates, including Martock, Somerset, to his kinswoman, Eleanor of Castile, when at his request, she agreed to pay £1000 to Humphrey de Bohun for the marriage of his sister, Maud de Fiennes, Principal=Sir William de Fiennes¹⁶

Event-Misc

12 November 1276

He was present at the judgment against Llywelyn, leaving for the Welsh Marches 5 days later.¹³

Protection*

2 January 1278

to Santiago, Spain^8,14

Summoned*

30 September 1283

Shrewsbury, Parliament⁸

Event-Misc

30 December 1284

Thos. de Weyland was justice over the case of Humphry, E. of Hereford v. John Gifford¹⁷

Event-Misc*

30 December 1284

Principal=Sir John Gifford, Witness=Sir Walter Helion, Witness=Sir Thomas de Weyland^18,17

Event-Misc

1285

He was ordered by the Bishop of Worcester to desist from troubling the prior of Horsley¹⁴

Event-Misc*

1289

Gilbert de Clare and Humphrey de Bohun waged a private war and were ordered to keep the peace., Principal=Sir Gilbert de Clare "the Red"⁷

Event-Misc

18 January 1290/91

Trial was held concerning Gilbert de Clare's attack on Humphrey de Bohun, Principal=Sir Gilbert de Clare "the Red", Witness=Sir Roger de Mortimer, Witness=Sir Edmund de Mortimer¹⁹

Event-Misc*

1292

He was fined and imprisoned.⁷

Event-Misc

1297

He conducted Princess Elizabeth and her husband John, Count of Holland, on their trip from England¹³

Event-Misc*

24 February 1296/97

Salisbury, At Parliament, Humphrey VII de Bohun and Roger Bigod refused to serve in Gascony on the grounds that they were not bound to foreign service except in the company of the king., Principal=Roger Bigod^7,13

(English) Battle-Falkirk

22 July 1298

Principal=Edward I "Longshanks" Plantagenet King of England^20,21,13

Feudal*

31 December 1298

lands in Midx., Ess., Herts., Bucks., Wilts., Glou., Here., and Wales.⁸

HTML*

History of the Bown Surname

Family

Maud de Fiennes b. c 1254, d. b 31 Dec 1298

Child

Sir Humphrey VIII de Bohun+^1,6,9,10 b. 1276, d. 16 Mar 1322

Last Edited

23 Sep 2005

Citations

[S183] Jr. Meredith B. Colket, Marbury Ancestry, p. 39.
[S284] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry, Bohun 8.
[S232] Don Charles Stone, Ancient and Medieval Descents, 21-11.
[S233] Frederick Lewis Weis, Magna Charta Sureties, 18-3.
[S284] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry, Bohun 6.
[S232] Don Charles Stone, Ancient and Medieval Descents, 21-12.
[S284] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry, Bohun 7.
[S325] Rev. C. Moor, Knights of Edward I, p. 107.
[S233] Frederick Lewis Weis, Magna Charta Sureties, 18-4.
[S234] David Faris, Plantagenet Ancestry, Bohun 12.
[S325] Rev. C. Moor, Knights of Edward I, p. 106.
[S301] Carl Boyer 3rd, Medieval English Ancestors of Robert Abell, p. 106.
[S347] Carl Boyer 3rd, Medieval English Ancestors of Certain Americans, p. 35.
[S374] Douglas Richardson, Magna Carta Ancestry, Bohun 4.
[S376] Unknown editor, unknown short title.
[S284] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry, Brienne 7.
[S325] Rev. C. Moor, Knights of Edward I, v. 5, p. 184.
[S325] Rev. C. Moor, Knights of Edward I, v. 2, p. 217.
[S325] Rev. C. Moor, Knights of Edward I, v. 3, p. 207.
[S284] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry, Plantagenet 5.
[S301] Carl Boyer 3rd, Medieval English Ancestors of Robert Abell, p. 125.

Maud de Fiennes¹

F, #2085, b. circa 1254, d. before 31 December 1298

Father*

Sir Enguerrand de Fiennes^1,2,3,4 d. 1265

Mother*

Isabel de Condé^2,4 b. c 1210

Charts

Ann Marbury Pedigree

Birth*

circa 1254

Marriage*

20 July 1275

Groom=Sir Humphrey VII de Bohun, Witness=Sir John de Bohun^{1,3,5,6,4,7,8}

Death*

before 31 December 1298

⁹

Burial*

Walden, Essex, England^1,2

(Witness) Event-Misc

1275

Family

Sir Humphrey VII de Bohun b. Sep 1248, d. 31 Dec 1298

Child

Sir Humphrey VIII de Bohun+^1,3,5,6,4 b. 1276, d. 16 Mar 1322

Last Edited

17 Sep 2005

Citations

[S183] Jr. Meredith B. Colket, Marbury Ancestry, p. 39.
[S218] Marlyn Lewis, Ancestry of Elizabeth of York.
[S232] Don Charles Stone, Ancient and Medieval Descents, 21-12.
[S284] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry, Bohun 7.
[S233] Frederick Lewis Weis, Magna Charta Sureties, 18-4.
[S234] David Faris, Plantagenet Ancestry, Bohun 12.
[S325] Rev. C. Moor, Knights of Edward I, p. 106.
[S301] Carl Boyer 3rd, Medieval English Ancestors of Robert Abell, p. 106.
[S374] Douglas Richardson, Magna Carta Ancestry, Bohun 4.
[S284] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry, Brienne 7.

Sir Enguerrand de Fiennes¹

M, #2086, d. 1265

Father*

William de Fiennes^2,3 b. c 1160, d. 1241

Mother*

Agnes de Dammartin² b. c 1166

Marriage*

Bride=Isabel de Condé^2,4

Death*

1265

Name Variation

Ingelram de Fienles^5,6

Feudal*

10 May 1252

lands at Carshalton, Surr.⁷

Event-Misc*

18 July 1262

Boulogne, He was a witness to a charter of the Knights Hospitallers⁷

Protection*

10 January 1263

overseas for the King.⁷

(Witness) Event-Misc

June 1263

Boulogne, Normandy, France, He was arrested by Enguerrand de Fiennes, Principal=Sir Henry of Cornwall⁸

Event-Misc

10 July 1263

The King asks him to cause Henry, s.h. of Richard, King of the Romans, to be released from prison at Whitsand.⁷

Event-Misc

9 August 1265

Having been faithful to the King and Prince Edward, his lands are to be restored.⁷

Event-Misc

6 December 1265

King will provide £200 p.a. from the first escheats that fall in, being bound to him in £400 for his expenses overseas with Q. Eleanor in 48 Hen III.⁷

Protection

8 December 1265

overseas for the King⁷

Event-Misc

24 May 1267

He has brought to the King a message from the King of France re Simon de Montfort⁷

Event-Misc*

5 May 1270

He and wife Isabel being overseas have granted to Rob. Aguillon for 2,000 m. their manor of Wendover, Bucks., Principal=Isabel de Condé⁷

Feudal

2 February 1272

Cotes, Cambs, La Lee, Bucks.⁷

Family

Isabel de Condé b. c 1210

Children

Sir Giles de Fiennes⁶
Sir William de Fiennes+^2,9 b. c 1245, d. 11 Jul 1302
Maud de Fiennes+^1,2,10,4 b. c 1254, d. b 31 Dec 1298

Last Edited

20 Nov 2004

Citations

[S183] Jr. Meredith B. Colket, Marbury Ancestry, p. 39.
[S218] Marlyn Lewis, Ancestry of Elizabeth of York.
[S168] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 152-27.
[S284] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry, Bohun 7.
[S168] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 96-30.
[S325] Rev. C. Moor, Knights of Edward I, v. 2, p. 23.
[S325] Rev. C. Moor, Knights of Edward I, v. 2, p. 21.
[S284] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry, Cornwall 4.
[S284] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry, Brienne 7.
[S232] Don Charles Stone, Ancient and Medieval Descents, 21-12.

Sir Humphrey VI de Bohun^1,2

M, #2087, d. 27 October 1265

Father*

Sir Humphrey V de Bohun^1,3 b. b 1208, d. 24 Sep 1275

Mother*

Maud de Lusignan^1,3 d. 14 Aug 1241

Charts

Ann Marbury Pedigree

Marriage*

before 15 February 1248

Bride=Eleanor de Braiose^1,4,5,6,2

Marriage*

before 7 October 1264

Bride=Joan de Quincy²

Death*

27 October 1265

Beeston Castle, Cheshire, England, ||while in captivity^1,3,2

Death

27 August 1267

Beeston Castle, Cheshire, England^7,8,9

Burial*

Combermere Abbey, Cheshire, England^2,8

Feudal*

Kimbolton, Huntingdonshire, Walden and Debden, Essex.⁹

Occupation*

Governor of Goodrich and Winchester Castles, Keeper of the Island and Castle of Lundy⁹

DNB*

Bohun, Humphrey (VI) de, third earl of Hereford and eighth earl of Essex (c.1249-1298), magnate, was the son of Humphrey (V) de Bohun (d. 1265) and Eleanor, daughter and coheir of William (V) de Briouze (d. 1230) and his wife, Eva, one of the daughters and coheirs of William (II) Marshal. Humphrey inherited his titles and paternal lands, centred in Essex and Wiltshire, directly from his grandfather, Humphrey (IV) de Bohun, on the latter's death in 1275. Through his mother Humphrey (VI) gained a significant stake in the march of Wales, consequently playing a leading role in the Welsh wars as well as in the politics of Edward I's reign.

Humphrey (VI) de Bohun's father was wounded and captured at the battle of Evesham in 1264 and died in captivity the following year. His son was only sixteen, so the Briouze lands were taken into royal custody. Henry III granted the marcher lordship of Brecon to Gilbert de Clare, earl of Gloucester, along with the heir's marriage. Bohun inherited his mother's lands when he came of age in 1270, and promised Gloucester £1000 for his marriage, but Brecon was controlled by Llywelyn ap Gruffudd, who had conquered much of the Welsh marches in 1262–3. Indeed, Bohun had earlier joined his father in the struggle against Llywelyn.

During the 1270s Humphrey de Bohun fought to regain his inheritance, attacking Llywelyn's men in Brecon. By 1275 the venture had largely succeeded, and in 1276 Bohun was among those lords in the king's council who gave judgment against Llywelyn. He served with Edward I in Wales in 1276 and again in 1277, and, when the campaign ended, he received protection from the king to go on pilgrimage to Santiago de Compostela.

Bohun fought in Wales throughout the 1280s, when his relations with neighbouring lords degenerated into private warfare. In 1284 Edward awarded possession of Iscennen, which bordered on Brecon, and which Bohun felt belonged to him by right of conquest, to John Giffard. Bohun raided on Giffard's lands and men, but a royal court supported Giffard, and Edward confirmed his grant of Iscennen to Giffard in 1289. Irritation between Bohun and the earl of Gloucester had also been building. The latter claimed that Bohun had not fully paid his marriage fine, while Bohun chafed at being ordered to serve under Gloucester in 1282, as well as at Gloucester's appointment as captain of the army in Brecon in 1287. More dangerous was Gloucester's construction of a castle at Morlais, on the border between the lordships of Brecon and Glamorgan. Bohun was in an awkward position. His Welsh holdings were not as substantial as those of other lords were, he had never fully subdued the Welsh in Brecon, and now he was confronted by two assertive neighbours interested in enlarging their territories. In 1289–90 Bohun appealed to the king for aid against Gloucester, thereby breaking with marcher custom, but Gloucester seized the initiative and raided Brecon in February 1290, justifying his attack by citing those same customs. After two more raids and counter-attacks Edward asserted his authority and ordered the antagonists to appear before a royal tribunal. The final sentences, handed down in parliament in January 1292, condemned both to prison and declared Glamorgan and Brecon forfeit, though Bohun gained his freedom with a fine of 1000 marks and recovered Brecon on 15 July.

Bohun was punctilious in upholding the dignity of his position. In 1277 he proffered the military service that he owed as hereditary constable of England, and throughout the subsequent campaigns in Wales he consistently served without pay. His request in 1282 for his wartime profits as constable prompted a search of exchequer records to ascertain the extent of his rights. In the previous year, when summoned to answer a complaint about unjust distresses, he asserted that the king's statutes had no place in his lands and refused to appear, at which the king marvelled greatly. Bohun's claim to the custody of the manors of the bishop of St David's in Brecon resulted in armed conflict during a vacancy in 1280, and was pointedly overruled by the king in parliament in 1293. Four years later Edward sent royal commissioners to hear complaints by the men of Brecon against Bohun and to take them into the king's peace, directly undermining the earl's lordship.

Bohun's sensitivity about his rights, and the rebuffs that he received at Edward's hands, explain why he became such a staunch opponent of the king during the crisis of 1297. Edward's wartime demands had produced widespread resentment. When in parliament in February 1297, he asked the magnates to serve with him in Gascony, Roger (IV) Bigod, earl of Norfolk and marshal of England, refused. Edward went ahead and summoned an army, but when it was to be mustered, both the constable and the marshal refused to perform their duties. In July, at a meeting between the king's representatives and the barons near London, Bohun gave a lengthy speech summarizing the causes of complaint and demanding remedy. This formed the basis of the Remonstrances, the written articles submitted by the barons. Edward also tried desperately to raise money, but Bohun and Bigod appeared at the exchequer in August with an armed force to prevent the collection of any taxes. The danger passed when the Scots invaded England and Edward made concessions to the opposition in the documents known as the De tallagio and the Confirmatio cartarum. Both Bohun and Bigod received pardons, and then marched off to Scotland to defend the realm.

Bohun married Maud, daughter of Enguerrand de Fiennes, in 1275. Their son Humphrey (VII) de Bohun (d. 1322) inherited the family estates on his father's death. Humphrey (VI) died at Pleshey on 31 December 1298, and was buried at Walden Priory, Essex. The Bohuns had long been patrons of Walden, and Humphrey (VI) de Bohun was remembered there as one who ‘did much good to our monastery’ (Dugdale, Monasticon, 4.141). His benefactions included licensing the monks to accept lands given or sold to them by his tenants.

Scott L. Waugh
Sources

GEC, Peerage, new edn, 6.463–6 · F. Palgrave, ed., The parliamentary writs and writs of military summons, 2 vols. in 4 (1827–34) · RotP, vol. 1 · Chancery records · Rymer, Foedera, new edn, vol. 4 · J. G. Edwards, Calendar of ancient correspondence concerning Wales (1935) · W. Rees, ed., Calendar of ancient petitions relating to Wales (1975) · The chronicle of Walter of Guisborough, ed. H. Rothwell, CS, 3rd ser., 89 (1957) · M. Prestwich, ed., Documents illustrating the crisis of 1297–98 in England, CS, 4th ser., 24 (1980) · Dugdale, Monasticon, new edn, 4.141; 6.135 · I. J. Sanders, English baronies: a study of their origin and descent, 1086–1327 (1960), 8, 57, 72, 92 · M. Prestwich, Edward I (1988), 58, 174, 189, 204, 223, 262, 339, 348–52, 413, 416, 419, 421–2, 424–7, 429–30, 433, 435, 461, 467, 478, 481–3, 511, 518, 562 · R. R. Davies, Lordship and society in the march of Wales, 1282–1400 (1978), 225, 252, 255, 256, 258, 259–60, 261, 262, 265–9, 290 · J. E. Morris, The Welsh wars of Edward I (1901), 21, 25, 39, 48, 58, 59–62, 112, 123, 126, 155, 158, 170, 178, 179, 194, 201, 206, 211, 222–4, 236, 242, 247, 252, 256, 261, 274–7, 280–83, 285, 290–92, 296 · M. Altschul, A baronial family in medieval England: the Clares, 1217–1314 (1965), 132–3, 140, 144, 146–53, 272, 274 · S. Wood, English monasteries and their patrons in the thirteenth century (1955)
© Oxford University Press 2004–5
All rights reserved: see legal notice Oxford University Press

Scott L. Waugh, ‘Bohun, Humphrey (VI) de, third earl of Hereford and eighth earl of Essex (c.1249-1298)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/2776, accessed 23 Sept 2005]

Humphrey (VI) de Bohun (c.1249-1298): doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/2776¹⁰

Event-Misc*

1257

He was ordered to assist his father to keep the marches between Montgomery and the land of the Earl of Gloucester⁹

Excommunication

47 Hen 3

Dugdale: "Being a person of very turbulent spirit, he took part with the Rebellious Barons upon all occasions; and therefore in 47 Hen 3 was excommunicated...for plundering divers Churches, and commiting much Sacriledge."⁹

(Simon) Battle-Lewes

14 May 1264

The Battle of Lewes, Lewes, Sussex, England, when King Henry and Prince Edward were captured by Simon of Montfort, Earl of Leicester. Simon ruled England in Henry's name until his defeat at Evesham, Principal=Henry III Plantagenet King of England, Principal=Simon VI de Montfort^{11,12,13,14,15,16}

(Simon) Battle-Evesham

4 August 1265

Evesham, Principal=Edward I "Longshanks" Plantagenet King of England, Principal=Simon VI de Montfort^17,18,19

HTML*

History of the Bown Surname

Event-Misc*

12 November 1265

Wm. de Valence lately captured Haverford Castle from Humphry de Bohun, jun., and has grant thereof to him and heirs in minority of the daus. of Humphry and of the heirs of Joan, wid. of Humphry., Principal=Sir William de Valence²⁰

Family 1

Child

John de Bohun²¹

Family 2

Eleanor de Braiose d. b 1264

Children

Eleanor de Bohun+^7,2 d. 20 Feb 1313/14
Margery de Bohun+² d. b 1304
Sir Gilbert de Bohun²
Sir Humphrey VII de Bohun+^1,5,6,2 b. Sep 1248, d. 31 Dec 1298

Last Edited

23 Sep 2005

Citations

[S183] Jr. Meredith B. Colket, Marbury Ancestry, p. 39.
[S284] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry, Bohun 6.
[S233] Frederick Lewis Weis, Magna Charta Sureties, 18-2.
[S168] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 96-29.
[S232] Don Charles Stone, Ancient and Medieval Descents, 21-11.
[S233] Frederick Lewis Weis, Magna Charta Sureties, 18-3.
[S168] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 57-30.
[S325] Rev. C. Moor, Knights of Edward I, p. 107.
[S374] Douglas Richardson, Magna Carta Ancestry, Bohun 3.
[S376] Unknown editor, unknown short title.
[S284] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry, Plantagenet 4.
[S325] Rev. C. Moor, Knights of Edward I, v. 5, p. 10.
[S284] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry, Fitz Alan 7.
[S342] Sir Bernard Burke, Extinct Peerages, p. 21.
[S301] Carl Boyer 3rd, Medieval English Ancestors of Robert Abell, p. 218.
[S347] Carl Boyer 3rd, Medieval English Ancestors of Certain Americans, p. 34.
[S342] Sir Bernard Burke, Extinct Peerages, p. 15.
[S342] Sir Bernard Burke, Extinct Peerages, p. 27.
[S301] Carl Boyer 3rd, Medieval English Ancestors of Robert Abell, p. 31.
[S325] Rev. C. Moor, Knights of Edward I, v. 5, p. 89.
[S347] Carl Boyer 3rd, Medieval English Ancestors of Certain Americans, p. 35.

Sir Humphrey V de Bohun^1,2

M, #2088, b. before 1208, d. 24 September 1275

Father*

Sir Henry de Bohun^1,3,2 b. 1176, d. 1 Jun 1220

Mother*

Maud FitzGeoffrey de Mandeville^1,3,2 b. 1178, d. 27 Aug 1236

Birth*

before 1208

but probably by 1200, since he gave homage in 1221^4,5,2,6

Marriage*

Bride=Maud de Lusignan^1,7,8,2

Marriage*

Bride=Maud de Avenbury²

Death*

24 September 1275

^1,7,8,2,9

Burial*

Lanthony Abbey, Gloustershire, England^2,10

Arms*

Az. A bend arg. bet. 6 lioncels rampant or (M. Paris III).⁹

Occupation*

Constable of England^1,11

Event-Misc

1221

He had livery of Caldicot Castle and his father's lands after Henry III took his homage at the instance of the King of Scots and the magnates of England⁶

Event-Misc

1227

He sided with the Earl of Cornwall in a dispute with the King⁶

Event-Misc*

1230

France, He fought in France²

Event-Misc

1236

He succeeded his mother as 7th Earl of Essex²

Event-Misc

1236

He served as marshal of the Household at the coronation of Queen Eleanor²

Event-Misc

1237

Santiago de Compostela, Spain, He went on a pilgrimage to Spain²

Event-Misc

1239

He was a sponsor at the baptism of Prince Edward⁶

Occupation

between 27 February 1239 and 4 November 1241

Sheriff of Kent^1,6

Occupation

27 February 1238/39

Constable of Dover Castle^1,6

Event-Misc

1242

Gascony, France, He fought in Gascony²

Event-Misc

1244

He was blamed for causing the Welsh uprising for having kept the inheritance of the wife of Dafydd ap Llywelyn ab Iorwerth⁶

Event-Misc

1246

He joined in the letter of remonstrance from the English peers to Pope Innocent IV.²

Event-Misc

1250

He went on Crusade to the Holy Land²

Event-Misc

1252

He spoke in defense of Simon de Montfort²

Event-Misc

1257

Wales, He fought in Wales²

Event-Misc

1258

He was one of the barons selected to draw up the Provisions of Oxford⁶

Event-Misc

July 1259

He was one of the King's representatives to treat for peace with France and one of the commissioners who ratified the treaty⁶

Event-Misc

1260

He served as justice itinerant for Gloucester, Worcester, and Hereford²

Event-Misc

10 August 1260

He negotiated for peace with Llywelyn⁶

Event-Misc

1263

He sided with the King in the dispute with Simon⁶

(Henry) Battle-Lewes

14 May 1264

Event-Misc

9 October 1265

He was one of the Keepers of the City of London¹⁷

Event-Misc

1275

He obtained a dispensation from the Bishop of Worcester to eat meat on Sundays, Tuesdays, and Thursdays during Lent.²

Feudal*

24 September 1275

Whitenhurst Manor and 2/3 Suham Maonr, Clou., as 1.5 Kt. Fee, Manor, Castle and Park of Kimbolton, Hunts., Manors of Plecys, Walktham, and Heghestre, Ess., Caldecote, Mon., and Wockeseie, Wilts.⁹

HTML*

History of the Bown Surname
Les Signeurs de Bohon

Family 1

Maud de Avenbury d. 8 Oct 1273

Children

Family 2

Maud de Lusignan d. 14 Aug 1241

Children

Sir Humphrey VI de Bohun+^1,8 d. 27 Oct 1265
Alice de Bohun+⁵ d. 1264
Henry de Bohun²
Geoffrey de Bohun²
Ralph de Bohun²
Maud de Bohun² d. 20 Oct 1252
Eleanor de Bohun+¹⁸

Last Edited

17 Sep 2005

Citations

[S183] Jr. Meredith B. Colket, Marbury Ancestry, p. 39.
[S284] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry, Bohun 5.
[S233] Frederick Lewis Weis, Magna Charta Sureties, 18-1.
[S168] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 96-28.
[S233] Frederick Lewis Weis, Magna Charta Sureties, 101-A.
[S347] Carl Boyer 3rd, Medieval English Ancestors of Certain Americans, p. 34.
[S168] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 123-29.
[S233] Frederick Lewis Weis, Magna Charta Sureties, 18-2.
[S325] Rev. C. Moor, Knights of Edward I, p. 107.
[S301] Carl Boyer 3rd, Medieval English Ancestors of Robert Abell, p. 31.
[S374] Douglas Richardson, Magna Carta Ancestry, Bohun 2.
[S284] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry, Plantagenet 4.
[S325] Rev. C. Moor, Knights of Edward I, v. 5, p. 10.
[S284] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry, Fitz Alan 7.
[S342] Sir Bernard Burke, Extinct Peerages, p. 21.
[S301] Carl Boyer 3rd, Medieval English Ancestors of Robert Abell, p. 218.
[S347] Carl Boyer 3rd, Medieval English Ancestors of Certain Americans, p. 35.
[S284] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry, Wilton 6.

Maud de Lusignan¹

F, #2089, d. 14 August 1241

Father*

Sir Raoul de Lusignan Count of Eu¹ d. 1 May 1219

Mother*

Alice d' Eu^2,3 d. 15 May 1241

Maud de Lusignan|d. 14 Aug 1241|p70.htm#i2089|Sir Raoul de Lusignan Count of Eu|d. 1 May 1219|p70.htm#i2090|Alice d' Eu|d. 15 May 1241|p366.htm#i10957|Hugh I. de Lusignan|d. 11 Apr 1169|p366.htm#i10959|Orengarde (?)||p340.htm#i10180|Henry d' Eu|b. a 1149\nd. 16 Mar 1183|p366.htm#i10960|Maud d. Warenne|d. c 1212|p144.htm#i4306|

Marriage*

1st=Sir Humphrey V de Bohun^1,4,5,3

Death*

14 August 1241

^1,4,5,3

Burial*

Lanthony Abbey, Gloustershire, England³

Name Variation

Maud d' Eu^6,3

Family

Sir Humphrey V de Bohun b. b 1208, d. 24 Sep 1275

Children

Sir Humphrey VI de Bohun+^1,5 d. 27 Oct 1265
Alice de Bohun+⁷ d. 1264
Henry de Bohun³
Geoffrey de Bohun³
Ralph de Bohun³
Maud de Bohun³ d. 20 Oct 1252
Eleanor de Bohun+⁸

Last Edited

12 Jul 2004

Citations

[S183] Jr. Meredith B. Colket, Marbury Ancestry, p. 39.
[S168] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 123-28.
[S284] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry, Bohun 5.
[S168] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 123-29.
[S233] Frederick Lewis Weis, Magna Charta Sureties, 18-2.
[S168] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 96-28.
[S233] Frederick Lewis Weis, Magna Charta Sureties, 101-A.
[S284] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry, Wilton 6.

Sir Raoul de Lusignan Count of Eu¹

M, #2090, d. 1 May 1219

Father*

Hugh IX de Lusignan² d. 11 Apr 1169

Mother*

Orengarde (?)²

Sir Raoul de Lusignan Count of Eu|d. 1 May 1219|p70.htm#i2090|Hugh IX de Lusignan|d. 11 Apr 1169|p366.htm#i10959|Orengarde (?)||p340.htm#i10180|Sir Hugh V. de Lusignan "The Old"|d. 1173|p366.htm#i10958|Bourgogne d. Rancon|d. a 11 Apr 1169|p144.htm#i4305|||||||

Birth*

Bourgogne, France³

Marriage

before 1190

Principal=Alice d' Eu²

Marriage*

circa 1191

Principal=Alice d' Eu⁴

Death*

1 May 1219

Melle^4,2

Burial*

Fontblanche Priory, Exoudun, Poitou, France²

Name Variation

Raoul d' Exoudun⁵

Name Variation

Ralph⁵

Name Variation

d' Issoudun⁵

Event-Misc

1189

He joined the Crusade²

Event-Misc

1190

Acre, Palestine, He was present at Acre²

Event-Misc

after 1190

Drincourt Castle, Normandy, France, He was given by King Richard I for his service in the Crusade²

Event-Misc

28 January 1200

He swore fealty to King John^2,6

Event-Misc

1201

King John confiscated his holdings, in a dispute over John's marriage to Isabel of Angouleme^2,6

Event-Misc

1202

King John ordered Guarin de Glapion, seneschal of Normandy, to besiege Driencourt, and Raoul lost his lands in Normandy. He appealed to the King of France, who overran the pays of Bray and the comte of Eu, putting him back in possession of his Norman lands by 1204.^2,6

Event-Misc

25 May 1214

He came to terms with King John⁶

Event-Misc

18 September 1214

He swore on behalf of King John to a treaty with France⁶

Event-Misc

22 December 1216

He and other magnates in Poitou were thanked for their service to King John and asked to continue them to King Henry III⁷

Event-Misc*

Exoudun, Poitou, France, Founded the Fontblanche Priory²

Title*

Baron of Hastings, Seigneur of Issoudun.²

Arms*

Barry argent and azure²

Family

Alice d' Eu d. 15 May 1241

Children

Maud de Lusignan+¹ d. 14 Aug 1241
Sir Raoul de Lusignan Count of Eu² d. 2 Sep 1246
Guarin de Lusignan²
Joan de Lusignan²

Last Edited

18 Jun 2005

Citations

[S183] Jr. Meredith B. Colket, Marbury Ancestry, p. 39.
[S284] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry, Bohun 4.
[S218] Marlyn Lewis, Ancestry of Elizabeth of York.
[S168] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 123-28.
[S284] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry, Bohun 5.
[S347] Carl Boyer 3rd, Medieval English Ancestors of Certain Americans, p. 136.
[S347] Carl Boyer 3rd, Medieval English Ancestors of Certain Americans, p. 137.

Sir Henry de Bohun^1,2

M, #2091, b. 1176, d. 1 June 1220

Father*

Humphrey IV de Bohun^3,4,5 b. c 1144, d. 1182

Mother*

Margaret de Huntingdon^3,4,5 b. a 1144, d. 1201

Birth*

1176

^6,4,7

Marriage*

Her maritagium included the manor of Wheatenhurst, Gloucestershire, 1st=Maud FitzGeoffrey de Mandeville^1,4,8,2,7

Death*

1 June 1220

on a pilgrimage to the Holy Land that he made to fulfill a vow to the Pope when the interdict on England was lifted.^1,6,4,9

Burial*

Llanthony Priory, Gloucester, England^4,10

Arms*

Az. A bend arg. bet. 6 lioncels rampant or (M. Paris III)¹¹

Occupation*

Sheriff of Kent⁶

Title*

between 1200 and 1220

Constable of England^6,5,10

Title

28 April 1200

Porchester, He was created Earl of Hereford, by inheritance from his grandmother⁹

Event-Misc

November 1200

He was sent to Scotland to conduct his uncle, William the Lion, to Lincoln to do homage to King John⁹

(Barons) Magna Carta

12 June 1215

Runningmede, Surrey, England, King=John Lackland^{12,13,14,15,16,9}

Excommunication*

16 December 1215

by Pope Innocent III (by the request of King John)^17,7

Event-Misc*

20 May 1217

the Battle of Lincoln, Lincoln, Lincolnshire, England, After king John died, he supported Louis VI and was taken prisoner^9,7

HTML*

History of the Bown Surname
Magna Charta Barons Page

Les Seigneurs de Bohon
¹⁷

Family

Maud FitzGeoffrey de Mandeville b. 1178, d. 27 Aug 1236

Children

Henry de Bohun¹⁷
Ralph de Bohun¹⁷
Robert de Bohun¹⁷
Sir Humphrey V de Bohun+^1,5,2 b. b 1208, d. 24 Sep 1275

Last Edited

17 Sep 2005

Citations

[S183] Jr. Meredith B. Colket, Marbury Ancestry, p. 39.
[S284] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry, Bohun 5.
[S168] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 96-26.
[S218] Marlyn Lewis, Ancestry of Elizabeth of York.
[S233] Frederick Lewis Weis, Magna Charta Sureties, 18-1.
[S168] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 96-27.
[S374] Douglas Richardson, Magna Carta Ancestry, Bohun 1.
[S233] Frederick Lewis Weis, Magna Charta Sureties, 160-4.
[S347] Carl Boyer 3rd, Medieval English Ancestors of Certain Americans, p. 34.
[S301] Carl Boyer 3rd, Medieval English Ancestors of Robert Abell, p. 30.
[S325] Rev. C. Moor, Knights of Edward I, p. 107.
[S284] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry, Longespée 3.
[S284] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry, Warenne 3.
[S338] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 8th ed., 56-27.
[S338] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 8th ed., 60-28.
[S347] Carl Boyer 3rd, Medieval English Ancestors of Certain Americans, p. 8.
[S324] Les Seigneurs de Bohon, online http://www.rand.org/about/contacts/personal/Genea/…

Maud FitzGeoffrey de Mandeville¹

F, #2092, b. 1178, d. 27 August 1236

Father*

Sir Geoffrey FitzPiers^1,2,3,4 b. 1165, d. 14 Oct 1213

Mother*

Beatrice de Say^5,2 d. b 19 Apr 1197

Maud FitzGeoffrey de Mandeville|b. 1178\nd. 27 Aug 1236|p70.htm#i2092|Sir Geoffrey FitzPiers|b. 1165\nd. 14 Oct 1213|p70.htm#i2093|Beatrice de Say|d. b 19 Apr 1197|p99.htm#i2943|Piers d. Lutegareshale|b. c 1134\nd. b 1198|p116.htm#i3463|Maud de Mandeville|b. c 1138|p116.htm#i3464|William de Say||p99.htm#i2944||||

Marriage*

Her maritagium included the manor of Wheatenhurst, Gloucestershire, Groom=Sir Henry de Bohun^1,2,6,4,7

Birth*

1178

Mandeville, Warwick, England²

Marriage*

before 22 February 1228

without issue, Groom=Roger de Daunteseye^8,7

Divorce*

24 April 1233

Principal=Roger de Daunteseye⁷

Death*

27 August 1236

^1,2,9,7

Title*

8 January 1226/27

She became Countess of Essex upon the death of her brother without male heirs¹⁰

Event-Misc*

1229/30

She received the manors of Gussage, Dorset, and Debden, Essex by settlement iwht her half-brother, John Fitz-Geoffrey⁷

Family

Sir Henry de Bohun b. 1176, d. 1 Jun 1220

Children

Henry de Bohun¹¹
Ralph de Bohun¹¹
Robert de Bohun¹¹
Sir Humphrey V de Bohun+^1,9,4 b. b 1208, d. 24 Sep 1275

Last Edited

17 Sep 2005

Citations

[S183] Jr. Meredith B. Colket, Marbury Ancestry, p. 39.
[S218] Marlyn Lewis, Ancestry of Elizabeth of York.
[S233] Frederick Lewis Weis, Magna Charta Sureties, 160-3.
[S284] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry, Bohun 5.
[S168] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 96-27.
[S233] Frederick Lewis Weis, Magna Charta Sureties, 160-4.
[S374] Douglas Richardson, Magna Carta Ancestry, Bohun 1.
[S301] Carl Boyer 3rd, Medieval English Ancestors of Robert Abell, p. 31.
[S233] Frederick Lewis Weis, Magna Charta Sureties, 18-1.
[S347] Carl Boyer 3rd, Medieval English Ancestors of Certain Americans, p. 34.
[S324] Les Seigneurs de Bohon, online http://www.rand.org/about/contacts/personal/Genea/…

Sir Geoffrey FitzPiers¹

M, #2093, b. 1165, d. 14 October 1213

Father*

Piers de Lutegareshale^2,3,4 b. c 1134, d. b 1198

Mother*

Maud de Mandeville^2,3,4 b. c 1138

Sir Geoffrey FitzPiers|b. 1165\nd. 14 Oct 1213|p70.htm#i2093|Piers de Lutegareshale|b. c 1134\nd. b 1198|p116.htm#i3463|Maud de Mandeville|b. c 1138|p116.htm#i3464|||||||Geoffrey I. de Mandeville|b. b 1091\nd. 14 Sep 1144|p116.htm#i3465|Rohese de Vere|b. c 1109\nd. a Oct 1166|p116.htm#i3466|

Birth*

1165

Northampton, England²

Marriage*

before 25 January 1185

Principal=Beatrice de Say^5,2,4

Marriage*

before 20 May 1205

2nd=Aveline de Clare^2,3,6

Death*

14 October 1213

^2,3,4

Burial*

Shieldham Priory, Essex, England²

DNB*

Geoffrey fitz Peter, fourth earl of Essex (d. 1213), justiciar, was the son of Peter, forester of Ludgershall, Wiltshire, under Henry II, and the younger brother of Simon, Henry II's sheriff of Northamptonshire, Buckinghamshire, and Bedfordshire. His mother's name was Matilda or Maud. The family was one of local royal officials who were minor landholders. In the survey of 1166 Geoffrey held lands of mesne lords: of Girard Giffard a knight's fee at Cherhill in Wiltshire, and, together with Hugh de Diva, another knight's fee of the countess of Clare, and a third of a knight's fee with the wife of Adam son of John son of Guy, held of Walter of Beck.
Royal service
Geoffrey made his way in royal service. In 1184 he accounted for the farm of Kinver before the itinerant justices in Oxfordshire. A year later he was sheriff and local justiciar of Northamptonshire, and he heard the pleas of the forest in an extensive circuit, while being custodian of Robert fitz Bernard's land at Newton in Berkshire and of Herbert fitz Herbert's manors in Surrey. He may have achieved this emergence into some prominence as the clerk of the royal justice Thomas fitz Bernard, whom he succeeded as guardian of the heir of Gilbert de Monte in the two hundreds of Sutton, Northamptonshire. At the same time he held the custodies of the land and heir of William de Chauz at Elton in Buckinghamshire and of Burton, Norfolk, which Roger Caperon held of Hugh, earl of Chester. More importantly, he was given custody of Saham in Norfolk which had belonged to William de Say, with the wardship of his two daughters. William's father had married Beatrice de Say, sister of Geoffrey de Mandeville, earl of Essex, and her granddaughter, another Beatrice, was the ward whom Geoffrey fitz Peter married in 1184 or 1185. She was coheir to the Mandeville barony, an extensive complex of lands across the East Anglian counties of Essex, Suffolk, and Cambridge, the neighbouring counties of Hertfordshire, Northamptonshire, and Buckinghamshire, and the counties of Surrey, Middlesex, Berkshire, and Warwickshire. The Mandeville honour owed the service of 113 knights in Henry II's time. Earl William de Mandeville was one of the justiciars whom Richard I appointed to rule England during his absence on crusade in 1189, but he died before the end of that year, leaving no children.

Geoffrey fitz Peter then claimed the barony in the right of his wife against her uncle Geoffrey de Say. The justiciar, William de Longchamp, at the wish of Say's grandmother Beatrice, awarded the barony to him for a relief of 7000 marks, which he failed to pay. For 3000 marks Geoffrey fitz Peter was then given the barony. He paid only £200 at once, but received seisin of the lands and the third penny of the county of Essex, although not the title of earl. His wife died before April 1197 and was buried at Chicksand, later being transferred to Shouldham Priory, which Geoffrey fitz Peter founded as holder of the barony. He had become a great magnate in 1190, though he had already been rewarded for his service by Henry II with a knight's fee at Cherhill, the house of Master Thomas Brown in Winchester, four knights' fees that a previous justiciar, Richard de Lucy, had held of the honour of Boulogne, and four held of Earl Roger.
As justiciar
When Richard I became king in 1189, Geoffrey fitz Peter had taken a vow of crusade, but in the arrangements the king made in 1190 for the government of England Geoffrey was one of the named colleagues of the justiciar, as a baron of the exchequer and a royal justice. Consequently he was one of those whom the king, by papal permission, released from his vow. By 1190 he had sufficient administrative experience, and by his marriage baronial status, to be a prominent figure, side by side with William Brewer, Hugh Bardolf, and William (I) Marshal, among those left to serve as colleagues of the justiciar. He was one of those excommunicated for his part in removing Longchamp in 1191, but he became a colleague of the new justiciar, Archbishop Walter de Coutances, and he remained sheriff of Essex and Hertfordshire where many of his own lands lay. He was also an important colleague of Archbishop Hubert Walter, who became justiciar in 1193, and under whom royal administration showed marked innovation.

Under Hubert Walter's justiciarship Geoffrey's name appeared at the head of the justices before whom final concords were made at Westminster. With Hubert Walter he went on circuit in the midlands and East Anglia. Together they tallaged Norwich in 1198. He accompanied the justiciar on his Welsh expedition in the same year. And when Hubert resigned the justiciarship in July 1198, the king appointed Geoffrey as his successor, for by then he was a justice of considerable experience, who had begun his career in the days of Glanville when Henry II's assizes were being worked out. Indeed, he, as well as Hubert Walter, has been suggested as the author of the treatise on the laws which bears Glanville's name. Geoffrey had had similarly long experience as a baron of the exchequer, and as a local royal officer. Like William Marshal he had become a great magnate by marriage. When, on Richard I's death, there was discussion, and perhaps doubt, about the succession, Geoffrey was said to have secured the barons' allegiance for John at a council at Northampton in 1199; and at John's coronation feast he was girded with the sword of earl.

As justiciar Geoffrey fitz Peter was at first in the shadow of Hubert Walter who, although archbishop of Canterbury, became the new king's chancellor at the beginning of the reign. Nevertheless, when John was in France, before the loss of Normandy in 1204, and when he was in Ireland in 1210, government ran in Geoffrey fitz Peter's name as regent. He presided over the exchequer, and was the authority to whom the barons looked for instruction even when the king was in England. From 1200 a scutage was levied almost annually, and in 1202 and 1203 the money raised by tallages, and the profits of justice, went through the exchequer audit in the same year, which suggests that he was making a determined attempt to collect and deliver as much as he could as quickly as possible. In 1204 he was himself sheriff of seven counties, with other curial officers holding other shrievalties, which points to a reorganization of the exchequer machinery, under the justiciar's supervision.

As a justice Geoffrey was no less active. He organized three eyres in the later summer and early autumn of 1199, and himself led the justices who visited Warwickshire, Leicestershire, and Northamptonshire. In 1202 there was a general eyre, as extensive as those of 1194 and 1198, and he led the justices in Surrey, Kent, Berkshire, Wiltshire, Hampshire, and Sussex. He regularly presided over the bench at Westminster, and in his absence pleas were adjourned for consultation with him, even though there had emerged a group of regular and experienced justices who could maintain the legal fiction of the justiciar's presence.

While Hubert Walter remained chancellor until 1205, it is not certain how much he or Geoffrey fitz Peter was the driving force behind royal administration. Some scholars have spoken of Walter's ‘genius’ as distinct from Geoffrey's ‘competence’. Matthew Paris uses the same unreliable story of both men at their deaths. Of Geoffrey he has the king say: ‘when he arrives in Hell, let him greet there Hubert Walter, whom no doubt he will find’ (Paris, Chron., 2.559); but in another work he transfers his sentiment to Hubert Walter: ‘by God's feet, now at last I am king and lord of England’ (Paris, Historia Anglorum, 2.104). There is no evidence that Geoffrey was anything other than a loyal servant who furthered the king's interests in the administration of justice and finance, and also served him as a soldier, when he campaigned against the Welsh in 1206 and 1210. The king's presence in England after the loss of Normandy, the disappearance of chancery enrolments between 1210 and 1212, and the cessation of pleadings in the bench after 1210, give the appearance of a diminished role for the justiciar, but there is no evidence of royal distrust of him, nor of a breach between them. The justiciar could always have been dismissed, but Geoffrey held his office until his death.
Wealth and death
After the loss of Normandy he had, indeed, been rewarded by the king. He was granted the castle and honour of Berkhamsted at a fee farm of £100 p.a. in May 1205, its income being £400 p.a., with the right of succession to the children of Geoffrey and his second wife, Aveline. The honour included twenty-two knights' fees held of the honour of Mortain. Geoffrey had married Aveline before 29 May 1205; she was the widow of William de Munchensi; of Swanscomb, Kent, and Gooderstone, Norfolk, and a daughter of Roger de Clare, earl of Hertford. Geoffrey also received from the king a significant part of the lands forfeited by Normans, being granted those of Robert fitz Ernis which included the manors of Hatfield Peverel and Depden in Essex, and other land in Norfolk and Suffolk, in all worth over £100 p.a. In 1208 he was given Queenhithe, and fairs and markets at his manors of Kimbolton and Morton, and in the same year he had custody of the land and heir of Werresius de Valognes. In 1211 his offerings to the king of 30 marks and two Norwegian hawks for the land of Jordan de Ros, and of 20 marks and a palfrey for the land and heir of William of Streetly, were accepted. The only indication of any strained relations with King John comes from 1212, when the king allowed Geoffrey de Say to claim the Mandeville barony in his court, but the case was not determined. Two of the sons of Geoffrey fitz Peter and Beatrice de Say were married to the two daughters of Robert Fitzwalter, who was prominent among the king's baronial enemies, but the Mandeville barony descended in turn to both Geoffrey and his brother William as earls of Essex in succession to their father, both of them dying without heirs. Geoffrey fitz Peter's third son of his first marriage, Henry, was a clerk, while his daughter Maud married Henry de Bohun, earl of Hereford. With his second wife, Aveline, who survived to a date between 22 November 1220 and 4 June 1225, Geoffrey had a son, John fitz Geoffrey, who succeeded to Berkhamsted. Geoffrey himself died on 2 October 1213, but his burial place is unknown, though he had founded Shouldham Priory, Norfolk, before 15 June 1198, and a hospital at Sutton de la Hone, Kent, and was a benefactor of the hospital of St Thomas of Acre in London.

F. J. West
Sources

PRO · Pipe rolls · Chancery records (RC) · The historical works of Gervase of Canterbury, ed. W. Stubbs, 2 vols., Rolls Series, 73 (1879–80) · Chronica magistri Rogeri de Hovedene, ed. W. Stubbs, 4 vols., Rolls Series, 51 (1868–71) · D. M. Stenton, ed., Pleas before the king or his justices, 4 vols., SeldS, 67–8, 83–4 (1952–67) · D. M. Stenton, ed., Rolls of the justices in eyre, 3 vols., SeldS, 53, 56, 59 (1934–40) · Curia regis rolls preserved in the Public Record Office (1922–) · W. L. Warren, King John (1961) · F. J. West, The justiciarship in England, 1066–1232 (1966) · B. Wilkinson, ed., Angevin England, 1154–1377 (1978) · H. Hall, ed., The Red Book of the Exchequer, 3 vols., Rolls Series, 99 (1896) · Paris, Chron., 2.559 · Matthaei Parisiensis, monachi Sancti Albani, Historia Anglorum, sive … Historia minor, ed. F. Madden, 3 vols., Rolls Series, 44 (1886–9), 2.104
Wealth at death

see Hall, ed., Red Book
© Oxford University Press 2004–5
All rights reserved: see legal notice Oxford University Press

F. J. West, ‘Geoffrey fitz Peter, fourth earl of Essex (d. 1213)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/9626, accessed 23 Sept 2005]

Geoffrey fitz Peter (d. 1213): doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/9626⁷

Name Variation

Geoffrey FitzPeter⁸

Occupation*

between 1184 and 1189

Sheriff of Northamptonshire⁹

Event-Misc

1190

He obtained for a fine of 3000 marks the lands of Beatrice, mother of William de Say⁹

Event-Misc*

1198

He defeated the Welsh at Castle Maud⁹

Occupation

between 1198 and 1200

Sheriff of Yorkshire⁹

Occupation

between 1198 and 1204

Sheriff of Staffordshire⁹

Title*

between 1198 and 1213

Justiciar of England^3,4

Occupation

between 1199 and 1204

Sheriff of Yorkshire and Bedfordshire⁹

(Witness) Crowned

27 May 1199

Westminster Abbey, Westminster, Middlesex, England, King of England, Principal=John Lackland^{10,11,12,13,14,15}

Event-Misc

27 May 1199

King John girded him with the sword of the Earl of Essex at John's coronation⁹

Occupation

between 1201 and 1204

Sheriff of Hampshire and Shropshire⁹

Event-Misc

11 September 1208

The King gave to him and his heirs Queenhithe in London at a rent of £30 p.a. plus a payment of 60/- p.a. to the Lepers of St. Giles' without London.⁹

Event-Misc

24 July 1213

He and his heirs were granted the forest of Huntingdon between Kimbolton and Melchbourne⁹

Family 1

Child

William FitzGeoffrey de Mandeville¹ d. 8 Jan 1226/27

Family 2

Beatrice de Say d. b 19 Apr 1197

Children

Geoffrey de Mandeville⁹
Henry Mandeville¹⁶
Maud FitzGeoffrey de Mandeville+^1,2,4,8 b. 1178, d. 27 Aug 1236

Family 3

Aveline de Clare b. c 1172, d. b 4 Jun 1225

Children

Cicely FitzGeoffrey¹⁶ d. b 29 Jun 1253
Margaret FitzGeoffrey¹⁶
Sir John FitzGeoffrey+^2,17,6 b. c 1205, d. 23 Nov 1258
Hawise FitzGeoffrey+^2,3 b. c 1210, d. b Aug 1247

Last Edited

23 Sep 2005

Citations

[S183] Jr. Meredith B. Colket, Marbury Ancestry, p. 39.
[S218] Marlyn Lewis, Ancestry of Elizabeth of York.
[S168] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 246B-27.
[S233] Frederick Lewis Weis, Magna Charta Sureties, 160-3.
[S168] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 96-27.
[S233] Frederick Lewis Weis, Magna Charta Sureties, 4-3.
[S376] Unknown editor, unknown short title.
[S284] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry, Bohun 5.
[S347] Carl Boyer 3rd, Medieval English Ancestors of Certain Americans, p. 87.
[S168] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 1-26.
[S234] David Faris, Plantagenet Ancestry, Plantagenet 16.
[S284] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry, Warenne 2.
[S284] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry, Plantagenet 3.
[S347] Carl Boyer 3rd, Medieval English Ancestors of Certain Americans, p. 29.
[S347] Carl Boyer 3rd, Medieval English Ancestors of Certain Americans, p. 84.
[S347] Carl Boyer 3rd, Medieval English Ancestors of Certain Americans, p. 88.
[S168] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 246C-28.

William FitzGeoffrey de Mandeville¹

M, #2094, d. 8 January 1226/27

Father*

Sir Geoffrey FitzPiers¹ b. 1165, d. 14 Oct 1213

William FitzGeoffrey de Mandeville|d. 8 Jan 1226/27|p70.htm#i2094|Sir Geoffrey FitzPiers|b. 1165\nd. 14 Oct 1213|p70.htm#i2093||||Piers d. Lutegareshale|b. c 1134\nd. b 1198|p116.htm#i3463|Maud de Mandeville|b. c 1138|p116.htm#i3464|||||||

Marriage*

before 18 November 1220

1st=Christine FitzWauter²

Death*

8 January 1226/27

Burial*

Shouldham Priory²

Event-Misc*

15 June 1215

Runningmede, England, Magna Charta surety¹

Last Edited

17 Sep 2005

Citations

[S183] Jr. Meredith B. Colket, Marbury Ancestry, p. 39.
[S347] Carl Boyer 3rd, Medieval English Ancestors of Certain Americans, p. 87.
[S301] Carl Boyer 3rd, Medieval English Ancestors of Robert Abell, p. 31.

Sir William Malet¹

M, #2095, b. before 1175, d. circa 1220

Father*

Gilbert Malet² d. c 1194

Mother*

Alice Picot²

Sir William Malet|b. b 1175\nd. c 1220|p70.htm#i2095|Gilbert Malet|d. c 1194|p369.htm#i11041|Alice Picot||p369.htm#i11042|William Malet|d. 1169|p369.htm#i11044||||Ralph Picot||p369.htm#i11043||||

Marriage*

Principal=Alice Basset³

Birth*

before 1175

⁴

Death

circa 1216

^5,6

Death

1219

Death*

circa 1220

Occupation*

England, Sheriff of Dorset and Somerset¹

(Barons) Magna Carta

12 June 1215

Runningmede, Surrey, England, King=John Lackland^{7,8,9,10,11,12}

HTML*

Magna Charta Baron Page
Descendents of William Malet

Family

Alice Basset d. c 1263

Children

Hawise Malet+^1,13
Mabel Malet¹⁴
Bertha Malet³ d. b 1221

Last Edited

18 Jun 2005

Citations

[S183] Jr. Meredith B. Colket, Marbury Ancestry, p. 40.
[S168] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 234A-27.
[S347] Carl Boyer 3rd, Medieval English Ancestors of Certain Americans, p. 143.
[S168] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 234A-28.
[S168] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 189-1.
[S233] Frederick Lewis Weis, Magna Charta Sureties, 57-1.
[S284] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry, Longespée 3.
[S284] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry, Warenne 3.
[S338] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 8th ed., 56-27.
[S338] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 8th ed., 60-28.
[S347] Carl Boyer 3rd, Medieval English Ancestors of Certain Americans, p. 8.
[S347] Carl Boyer 3rd, Medieval English Ancestors of Certain Americans, p. 34.
[S233] Frederick Lewis Weis, Magna Charta Sureties, 57-2.
[S233] Frederick Lewis Weis, Magna Charta Sureties, 58-2.

Alice Basset¹

F, #2096, d. circa 1263

Father*

Thomas Basset^1,2,3 d. 1220

Mother*

Philippa Malbank⁴

Alice Basset|d. c 1263|p70.htm#i2096|Thomas Basset|d. 1220|p70.htm#i2097|Philippa Malbank||p368.htm#i11039|||||||||||||

Marriage*

Principal=Sir William Malet⁵

Marriage*

before 1224

Groom=John Bisset⁴

Death*

circa 1263

⁴

Name Variation

Alice²

Family

Sir William Malet b. b 1175, d. c 1220

Children

Last Edited

18 Jun 2005

Citations

[S183] Jr. Meredith B. Colket, Marbury Ancestry, p. 40.
[S168] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 189-1.
[S233] Frederick Lewis Weis, Magna Charta Sureties, 58-1.
[S168] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 234A-28.
[S347] Carl Boyer 3rd, Medieval English Ancestors of Certain Americans, p. 143.
[S233] Frederick Lewis Weis, Magna Charta Sureties, 58-2.

Thomas Basset¹

M, #2097, d. 1220

Marriage*

Principal=Philippa Malbank²

Death*

1220

Title*

lord of Headington, Oxford and Colynton and Whitford, Devon.²

Family

Philippa Malbank

Child

Alice Basset+^1,3,4 d. c 1263

Last Edited

29 Jun 2005

Citations

[S183] Jr. Meredith B. Colket, Marbury Ancestry, p. 40.
[S168] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 234A-28.
[S168] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 189-1.
[S233] Frederick Lewis Weis, Magna Charta Sureties, 58-1.

Hawise Malet¹

F, #2098

Father*

Sir William Malet^1,2 b. b 1175, d. c 1220

Mother*

Alice Basset³ d. c 1263

Hawise Malet||p70.htm#i2098|Sir William Malet|b. b 1175\nd. c 1220|p70.htm#i2095|Alice Basset|d. c 1263|p70.htm#i2096|Gilbert Malet|d. c 1194|p369.htm#i11041|Alice Picot||p369.htm#i11042|Thomas Basset|d. 1220|p70.htm#i2097|Philippa Malbank||p368.htm#i11039|

Marriage*

before 23 March 1217

Groom=Sir Hugh Poinz^1,4,5

Marriage*

before 11 February 1221

Groom=Sir Robert de Muscegros^1,6,5

Living*

4 May 1287

⁴

Family 1

Sir Hugh Poinz d. b 11 Feb 1220/21

Child

Sir Nicholas Poyntz⁷ b. c 1220, d. b 7 Oct 1273

Family 2

Sir Robert de Muscegros d. c 29 Jan 1253/54

Child

Sir John de Muscegros+^1,8 b. 10 Aug 1232, d. 6 May 1275

Last Edited

18 Jun 2005

Citations

[S183] Jr. Meredith B. Colket, Marbury Ancestry, p. 40.
[S233] Frederick Lewis Weis, Magna Charta Sureties, 57-2.
[S347] Carl Boyer 3rd, Medieval English Ancestors of Certain Americans, p. 143.
[S168] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 234A-29.
[S233] Frederick Lewis Weis, Magna Charta Sureties, 56-2.
[S168] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 189-2.
[S338] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 8th ed., 234A-30.
[S233] Frederick Lewis Weis, Magna Charta Sureties, 56-3.

Sir Hugh Poinz¹

M, #2099, d. before 11 February 1220/21

Marriage*

before 23 March 1217

1st=Hawise Malet^1,2,3

Death*

before 11 February 1220/21

^1,4

Name Variation

Poyntz³

Family

Hawise Malet

Child

Sir Nicholas Poyntz⁵ b. c 1220, d. b 7 Oct 1273

Last Edited

18 Jun 2005

Citations

[S183] Jr. Meredith B. Colket, Marbury Ancestry, p. 40.
[S168] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 234A-29.
[S233] Frederick Lewis Weis, Magna Charta Sureties, 56-2.
[S347] Carl Boyer 3rd, Medieval English Ancestors of Certain Americans, p. 143.
[S338] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 8th ed., 234A-30.

Sir Robert de Muscegros¹

M, #2100, d. circa 29 January 1253/54

Marriage*

before 11 February 1221

2nd=Hawise Malet^1,2,3

Death*

circa 29 January 1253/54

| holding Manors of Brynham, Cherlton, and Norton, Som., as 1 Kt. Fee, Finebergh, Suff., 1 Fee, moiety of Knenemerton, 1 Fee, and Botinton 1/4 Fee, with lands at Hetherle, Norteclive, and Killicot, Glou. c. 1/2 Fee, and left s. h. John 21-22^1,2,3,4

Name Variation

Sir Robert de Mucegros⁴

Event-Misc*

4 May 1252

He is keeper of Savernake Forest⁴

Family

Hawise Malet

Child

Sir John de Muscegros+ b. 10 Aug 1232, d. 6 May 1275; son and heir^1,3,4

Last Edited

18 Jun 2005

Citations

[S183] Jr. Meredith B. Colket, Marbury Ancestry, p. 40.
[S168] Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots, 189-2.
[S233] Frederick Lewis Weis, Magna Charta Sureties, 56-2.
[S325] Rev. C. Moor, Knights of Edward I, v. 3, p. 231.

Person Page - 70

John de Lacy1

Family

Citations

Margaret de Quincy1

Family

Citations

Sir Robert de Quincey1

Family 1

Family 2

Citations

Joan of Acre1

Family 1

Family 2

Citations

Sir Roger Bigod1

Family

Citations

Ida de Tony1

Family 1

Family 2

Family 3

Citations

Sir Hamelin Plantagenet1,2

Family

Citations

Isabel Bigod1

Family 1

Family 2

Citations

Sir John FitzGeoffrey1

Family

Citations

Theobald Butler1

Family

Citations

Sir Edmund Butler Knt.1

Family

Citations

Sir John FitzThomas FitzGerald Knt.1

Family

Citations

Joan FitzJohn1

Family

Citations

Sir Humphrey VII de Bohun1,2

Family

Citations

Maud de Fiennes1

Family

Citations

Sir Enguerrand de Fiennes1

Family

Citations

Sir Humphrey VI de Bohun1,2

Family 1

Family 2

Citations

Sir Humphrey V de Bohun1,2

Family 1

Family 2

Citations

Maud de Lusignan1

Family

Citations

Sir Raoul de Lusignan Count of Eu1

Family

Citations

Sir Henry de Bohun1,2

Family

Citations

Maud FitzGeoffrey de Mandeville1

Family

Citations

Sir Geoffrey FitzPiers1

Family 1

Family 2

Family 3

Citations

John de Lacy¹

Margaret de Quincy¹

Sir Robert de Quincey¹

Joan of Acre¹

Sir Roger Bigod¹

Ida de Tony¹

Sir Hamelin Plantagenet^1,2

Isabel Bigod¹

Sir John FitzGeoffrey¹

Theobald Butler¹

Sir Edmund Butler Knt.¹

Sir John FitzThomas FitzGerald Knt.¹

Joan FitzJohn¹

Sir Humphrey VII de Bohun^1,2

Maud de Fiennes¹

Sir Enguerrand de Fiennes¹

Sir Humphrey VI de Bohun^1,2

Sir Humphrey V de Bohun^1,2

Maud de Lusignan¹

Sir Raoul de Lusignan Count of Eu¹

Sir Henry de Bohun^1,2

Maud FitzGeoffrey de Mandeville¹

Sir Geoffrey FitzPiers¹

William FitzGeoffrey de Mandeville¹

Sir William Malet¹

Alice Basset¹

Thomas Basset¹

Hawise Malet¹

Sir Hugh Poinz¹

Sir Robert de Muscegros¹